11th century

From Free net encyclopedia

As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. In the history of European culture, this period is considered the early part of the High Middle Ages.

1 Overview
2 Events
3 Significant people
4 Inventions, discoveries, introductions
5 Decades and years

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Overview

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Events

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1001, Mahmud of Ghazni, Muslim leader of Ghazni, begins raids into Northern India; he finishes in 1027.
Circa 1001, Vikings, led by Leif Eirikson, establish small settlements in and around Vinland in North America
1054, the Great Schism, in which the Western (Roman Catholic) and Eastern Orthodox churches separated from each other. Similar schisms in the past had been later repaired, but this one continues after nearly 1000 years.
1060, Norman conquest of Sicily
1065, independence of the Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal under the rule of Garcia
1066, Edward the Confessor dies; Norman conquest of England in the Battle of Hastings
1071, Defeat of the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert, ending 3 centuries of military and economic power
1076, Ghana Empire began break-up after capital (Kumbi) sacked
1085, Alfonso VI of Castile captures the Muslim city of Toledo.
1086, compilation of the Domesday Book

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1094, El Cid, the great Spanish hero, conquers the Muslim city of Valencia
ca. 1095-1099, earliest extant manuscript of the Song of Roland
1099, First Crusade captures Jerusalem
King Anawrahta of Myanmar made a pilgrimage to Ceylon, returning to convert his country to Theravada Buddhism.
The Tuareg migrate to the Aïr region.
Kanem-Bornu expands southward into modern Nigeria.
The first of seven Hausa city-states are founded in Nigeria.
The Hodh region of Mauritania becomes desert.