1923

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1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar).

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Events

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January

January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies
January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel
January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments

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February

February 22 - Barcelona (Catalonia): Albert Einstein visits the city, invited by the scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa, as part of the monografics course of High Studies and Exchange organized by the Mancomunitat de Catalunya and conducted by Rafael de Campalans.

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March

March - Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage. Settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel. Antonin Artaud played the part of Tiresias.
March 1 - USS Connecticut decommissioned
March 2 - Time Magazine hits newsstands for the first time
March 9 - Vladimir Lenin suffers a stroke, his third, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.

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April

April - End of Irish Civil War
April 12 - Kandersteg International Scout Centre came into existence.
April 23 - Ceremonial inauguration of Gdynia Seaport
April 26 - Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey

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May

May 23 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA Airlines
May 27 - Ku Klux Klan defies law requiring publication of its members

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June

June 9 - Military coup in Bulgaria - prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is ousted (he is killed June 14)
June 18 - Etna volcano erupts - 60.000 made homeless

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July

July 10 - Large hailstones kill 23 in Rostow, Soviet Russia
July 19-20 night - Assassination of Pancho Villa
July 24 - The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War

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August

August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (1921 - 1923) dies in office and is succeeded by Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929).
August 13 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport
August 13 - Gustav Stresemann is named chancellor and founds a coalition government in Weimar Republic Germany

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September

September 1 - Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people
September 4 - In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the "USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time
September 6 - Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation of murder of an Italian officer. League of Nations protests and they leave September 29
September 8 - Honda Point Disaster: Seven US Navy destroyers ran aground off the California coast.
September 9 - Atatürk founded the CHP.
September 13 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
September 18-26 - Newspaper printers strike in New York
September 26 - In Bayern, Gustav von Kuhr declares independence from Berlin

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October

October 13 - Ankara replaces Constantinople as the capital of Turkey.
October 29 - Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire

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November

November 8 - Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government. Police and troops crush the attempt the next day
November 12- Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie in Wellington Barracks, London.
November 15 - The inflation in Germany reaches its height. One dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Papiermarks (4.2 trillion). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency
November 23 - Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses

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December

December 12 - Po river dam bursts - 600 dead
December 27 - Assassination attempt against the crown prince of Japan in Tokyo

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Unknown dates

Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
Finnish flag carrier Finnair airline is started in Aero Oy.
Interpol is set up.
International Police Conference in Vienna
Hoda Cha'arawi Association (formerly The Egyptian Feminist Union) is established in Egypt.
Trade unions banned in Spain for 10 years.
Police strike in Australia
Regia Aeronautica, air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.
American Law Institute established
Moderation League of New York became part of movement for repeal of prohibition in United States.

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Births

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January

January 1 - Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944)
January 5 - Sam Phillips, American record producer (d. 2003)
January 6 - Jacobo Timerman, Argentine writer (d. 1999)
January 7 - Hugh Kenner, Canadian literary critic (d. 2003)
January 8 - Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)
January 16 - Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004)
January 19 - Jean Stapleton, American actress
January 23 - Stephanie Kwolek, Inventor of Kevlar fibers
January 25 - Arvid Carlsson, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
January 26 - Anne Jeffreys, American actress
January 29 - Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981)
January 31 - Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist

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February

February 2 - James Dickey, American poet and author (d. 1997)
February 2 - Liz Smith, American gossip columnist
February 9 - Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964)
February 10 - Cesare Siepi, Italian opera singer
February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director
February 13 - Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003)
February 13 - Chuck Yeager, American pilot and NASA official
February 20 - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (d. 1985)
February 24 - David Soyer, American cellist
February 27 - Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player (d. 1990)

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March

March 4 - Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer and broadcaster
March 6 - Ed McMahon, American television personality
March 9 - Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
March 10 - Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
March 12 - Wally Schirra, astronaut
March 21 - Shri Mataji Nirmala Srivastava, Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga
March 25 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (d. 2003)
March 26 - Bob Elliott, American comedian
March 27 - Louis Simpson, Jamaican-born poet
March 30 - Milton Acorn, Canadian writer (d. 1986)

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April

April 2 - G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician
April 6 - Ramon Valdes, Mexican comedian
April 8 - George Fisher, American political cartoonist (d. 2003)
April 8 - Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (d. 1997)
April 13 - Don Adams, American actor and comedian (d. 2005)
April 20 - Mother Angelica, American founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN)
April 22 - Bettie Page, American model
April 22 - Aaron Spelling, American television producer and writer
April 23 - Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas
April 30 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)