All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

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Template:Politics of India All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) is a regional political party in Tamil Nadu state in India. The party is headed by J. Jayalalithaa, the present chief minister of the state.

The party was founded in 1972 by MG Ramachandran (popularly known as MGR), a veteran star of the Tamil film industry, and a popular politician, as a breakaway outfit from the DMK led by M Karunanidhi, the then chief minister, owing to differences between the two. The relations between the two parties have since been heavily tempered with mutual contempt.

The government led by DMK, was dismissed by a Central promulgation, after MGR filed a petition seeking enquiry into corruption charges, Central Government being held by Congress Party an ally of AIADMK. The party came to power in 1977 after trouncing DMK in the subsequent elections to the legislative assembly in the state and MGR became the Chief Minister. The tables were turned in 1980, when the government under MGR was dismissed, by the Congress government at the centre, after the coalition of congress and DMK won majority of parliament seats from Tamil Nadu for electing the central government. However, AIADMK bounced back to power in the ensuing elections to elect the state government.

In 1984, even with MGR's failing health and subsequent hospitalization abroad, the party still managed to win the state elections. Many political historians consider MGR's persona and charisma at this point of time as "infallible", and a logical continuation of his on-screen "good lad" image, strengthened by a "mythical status" of a phoenix. MGR continued to enjoy popular support in his third tenure, which ended in his demise on December 24, 1987.

Subsequently, MGR's wife Janaki Ramachandran rose to the party's leadership and led the government as the state's first woman chief minister till the state assembly was suspended and President's rule imposed. The party, in the absence of a personality of MGR's calibre, began to crumble with infighting and broke into two factions. J. Jayalalithaa, a former Tamil actress, led the second faction. The state elections in 1989, saw DMK rising back to power with Karunanidhi at the helm. The faction led by Jayalalitha emerged more popular and took control of the party. The DMK government was dismissed in 1990, on accusations that the constitutional machinery in the state had broken down, the central government led by Chandrasekhar, an ally of AIADMK at that time.

In the elections of 1991, ADMK was swept to power. Many political observers, have ascribed the landslide victory to the "sympathy-wave" arising out of the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by suspected Tamil separatists fighting for a homeland in neighbouring Sri Lanka. The ensuing government was accused of large-scale corruption, but Jayalalithaa managed to hold on to power for a full-term of five years. But, public anger aimed at her as a result of the various corruption charges, ensured that she lost by a landlside in the next election in 1996. DMK, swept to power and held power till 2001, which once again saw Jayalalithaa regaining the mantle.

In her second stint as chief minister, Ms. Jayalalitha avoids the blunders she committed during the first term. However, she was plagued by the corruption cases related to her earlier rule and had to sit out of the government for some time. After having cleared by courts she became chief minister again. She is accused of arrogant behaviour and not respecting colleagues and opposition leaders.

She undertook economic reforms and took many unpopular decisions such as banning of lottery tickets, restricting the liquor and sand quarying business to government agencies and banning of tobaccoproducts sales. She also took ruthless action against gangsters, trouble makers, striking government employees and brought discipline and law and order to the stage.

However, the party lost all the seats in the elections in the Parliamentary elections held in 2004 to the opposition coalition comprising of all major opposition parties in the state. Since then the government is on a path to woo the electorate with populist schemes with an eye on the assembly elections scheduled for early 2006.

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