Application layer
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(Redirected from Application Layer)
| OSI Model | |
|---|---|
| 7 | Application layer |
| 6 | Presentation layer |
| 5 | Session layer |
| 4 | Transport layer |
| 3 | Network layer |
| 2 | Data link layer |
| 1 | Physical layer |
The application layer is the seventh level of the seven-layer OSI model. It interfaces directly to and performs common application services for the application processes; it also issues requests to the presentation layer.
The common application layer services provide semantic conversion between associated application processes. Note: Examples of common application services of general interest include the virtual file, virtual terminal, and job transfer and manipulation protocols.
| Layer | Protocols |
|---|---|
| Application | DNS, TLS/SSL, TFTP, FTP, HTTP, IMAP, IRC, NNTP, POP3, SIP, SMTP, SNMP, SSH, TELNET, BitTorrent, RTP, rlogin, ENRP, … |
| Transport | TCP, UDP, DCCP, SCTP, IL, RUDP, … |
| Network | IP (IPv4, IPv6), ICMP, IGMP, ARP, RARP, … |
| Link | Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Token ring, PPP, SLIP, FDDI, ATM, DTM, Frame Relay, SMDS, … |
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Examples
- AppleShare, AppleShare
- AIM, AOL Instant Messenger Protocol
- APPC, Advanced Program-to-Program Communication
- BitTorrent
- BOOTP, Bootstrap Protocol
- CFDP, Coherent File Distribution] Protocol
- DCAP, Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol
- DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
- DNS, Domain Name System (Service) Protocol
- ENRP, Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol
- Finger, User Information Protocol
- FTAM, File Transfer Access and Management
- FTP, File Transfer Protocol
- Gopher, Gopher protocol
- HTTP, S-HTTP, (Secure) HyperText Transfer Protocol
- H.323, Packet-Based Multimedia Communications System
- IMAP, IMAP4, Internet Message Access Protocol (version 4)
- IRCP, Internet Relay Chat Protocol
- iTMS, iTunes Music Store Protocol
- LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
- MIME (S-MIME), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME
- Modbus
- NAT, Network Address Translation
- NIS, Network Information Service
- NNTP, Network News Transfer Protocol
- NTP, Network Time Protocol
- POP, POP3, Post Office Protocol (version 3)
- Rlogin, Remote Login in UNIX Systems
- RMON, Remote Monitoring MIBs (RMON1 and RMON2)
- RTSP, Real Time Streaming Protocol
- SAP, Session Anouncement Protocol
- SDP, Session Description Protocol
- SIP, Session Initiation Protocol
- SLP, Service Location Protocol
- SMB, Server Message Block
- SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
- SNTP, Simple Network Time Protocol
- SOAP, Simple Object Access Protocol
- TCAP, Transaction Capabilities Application Part
- TELNET, Terminal Emulation Protocol of TCP/IP
- TFTP, Trivial File Transfer Protocol
- TSP, Time Stamp Protocol
- URL, Uniform Resource Location
- VTP, Virtual Terminal Protocol
- X.400, Message Handling Service Protocol
- X.500, Directory Access Protocol (DAP)
- XMPP, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
- Whois (and RWhois), Remote Directory Access Protocolca:Capa d'aplicació
cs:Aplikační vrstva da:Programlaget fr:Couche application it:Livello applicazioni he:שכבת התוכנה של מודל ה-TCP/IP nl:Toepassingslaag no:Applikasjonslaget nn:Applikasjonslaget sv:Applikationsskikt tl:Application layer tr:Uygulama katmanı zh:应用层