Green sulfur bacteria

From Free net encyclopedia

(Redirected from Chlorobi)

<tr><td style="text-align:center;">{{{synonyms}}}}}

Green sulfur bacteria{{#if:{{{status|}}}|

{{#switch:{{{status}}}

se|SECURE|Secure|secure=Conservation status: Secure

dom|DOMESTICATED|Domesticated|domesticated=Conservation status: Domesticated

data|DD|DATA=Conservation status: Data deficient

lr=Conservation status: Lower risk

LR/cd|lr/cd|LRCD|LRcd|lrcd=Conservation status: Lower risk (cd)

vu=Conservation status: Vulnerable

en=Conservation status: Endangered

cr=Conservation status: Critical

ew=Conservation status: Extinct in the wild

ex|EXTINCT|Extinct|extinct=Conservation status: Extinct{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}| ({{{extinct}}}) }}

Fossil|fossil=Conservation status: Fossil

pre=Conservation status: Prehistoric

Text|TEXT=Conservation status: See text

{{{status}}} }}}}Template:Subtext}|contents=Fossil range: {{{fossil_range|}}} }}

}}}|[[image:{{{image}}}|{{{image_width|200px}}}|{{{image_caption|}}}]]

{{{image_caption|}}}

}}{{#if:{{{image2|}}}|[[image:{{{image2}}}|{{{image2_width|200px}}}|{{{image2_caption|}}}]]

{{{image2_caption|}}}

}}

Scientific classification

{{#if:{{{domain|}}}|<tr><td>Domain:<td>{{{domain|}}}
{{{domain_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{superregnum|}}}|<tr><td>Superkingdom:<td>{{{superregnum|}}}
{{{superregnum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{regnum|}}}|<tr><td>Kingdom:<td>{{{regnum|}}}
{{{regnum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subregnum|}}}|<tr><td>Subkingdom:<td>{{{subregnum|}}}
{{{subregnum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{unranked_phylum|}}}|<tr><td>(unranked)<td>{{{unranked_phylum|}}}
{{{unranked_phylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{superdivisio|}}}|<tr><td>Superdivision:<td>{{{superdivisio|}}}
{{{superdivisio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{superphylum|}}}|<tr><td>Superphylum:<td>{{{superphylum|}}}
{{{superphylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{divisio|}}}|<tr><td>Division:<td>{{{divisio|}}}
{{{divisio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{phylum|}}}|<tr><td>Phylum:<td>{{{phylum|}}}
{{{phylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subdivisio|}}}|<tr><td>Subdivision:<td>{{{subdivisio|}}}
{{{subdivisio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subphylum|}}}|<tr><td>Subphylum:<td>{{{subphylum|}}}
{{{subphylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{infraphylum|}}}|<tr><td>Infraphylum:<td>{{{infraphylum|}}}
{{{infraphylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{microphylum|}}}|<tr><td>Microphylum:<td>{{{microphylum|}}}
{{{microphylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{nanophylum|}}}|<tr><td>Nanophylum:<td>{{{nanophylum|}}}
{{{nanophylum_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{unranked_classis|}}}|<tr><td>(unranked)<td>{{{unranked_classis|}}}
{{{unranked_classis_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{superclassis|}}}|<tr><td>Superclass:<td>{{{superclassis|}}}
{{{superclassis_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{classis|}}}|<tr><td>Class:<td>{{{classis|}}}
{{{classis_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subclassis|}}}|<tr><td>Subclass:<td>{{{subclassis|}}}
{{{subclassis_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{infraclassis|}}}|<tr><td>Infraclass:<td>{{{infraclassis|}}}
{{{infraclassis_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{unranked_ordo|}}}|<tr><td>(unranked)<td>{{{unranked_ordo|}}}
{{{unranked_ordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{magnordo|}}}|<tr><td>Magnorder:<td>{{{magnordo|}}}
{{{magnordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{superordo|}}}|<tr><td>Superorder:<td>{{{superordo|}}}
{{{superordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{ordo|}}}|<tr><td>Order:<td>{{{ordo|}}}
{{{ordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subordo|}}}|<tr><td>Suborder:<td>{{{subordo|}}}
{{{subordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{infraordo|}}}|<tr><td>Infraorder:<td>{{{infraordo|}}}
{{{infraordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{parvordo|}}}|<tr><td>Parvorder:<td>{{{parvordo|}}}
{{{parvordo_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{zoodivisio|}}}|<tr><td>Division:<td>{{{zoodivisio|}}}
{{{zoodivisio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{zoosectio|}}}|<tr><td>Section:<td>{{{zoosectio|}}}
{{{zoosectio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{zoosubsectio|}}}|<tr><td>Subsection:<td>{{{zoosubsectio|}}}
{{{zoosubsectio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{unranked_familia|}}}|<tr><td>(unranked)<td>{{{unranked_familia|}}}
{{{unranked_familia_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{superfamilia|}}}|<tr><td>Superfamily:<td>{{{superfamilia|}}}
{{{superfamilia_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{familia|}}}|<tr><td>Family:<td>{{{familia|}}}
{{{familia_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subfamilia|}}}|<tr><td>Subfamily:<td>{{{subfamilia|}}}
{{{subfamilia_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{supertribus|}}}|<tr><td>Supertribe:<td>{{{supertribus|}}}
{{{supertribus_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{tribus|}}}|<tr><td>Tribe:<td>{{{tribus|}}}
{{{tribus_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subtribus|}}}|<tr><td>Subtribe:<td>{{{subtribus|}}}
{{{subtribus_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{alliance|}}}|<tr><td>Alliance:<td>{{{alliance|}}}
{{{alliance_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{genus|}}}|<tr><td>Genus:<td>{{{genus|}}}
{{{genus_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{genus2|}}}|<tr><td>Genus:<td>{{{genus2|}}}
{{{genus2_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subgenus|}}}|<tr><td>Subgenus:<td>{{{subgenus|}}}
{{{subgenus_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{sectio|}}}|<tr><td>Section:<td>{{{sectio|}}}
{{{sectio_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{series|}}}|<tr><td>Series:<td>{{{series|}}}
{{{series_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{species_group|}}}|<tr><td>Species group:<td>{{{species_group|}}}
{{{species_group_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{species_subgroup|}}}|<tr><td>Species subgroup:<td>{{{species_subgroup|}}}
{{{species_subgroup_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{species_complex|}}}|<tr><td>Species complex:<td>{{{species_complex|}}}
{{{species_complex_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{species|}}}|<tr><td>Species:<td>{{{species|}}}
{{{species_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{subspecies|}}}|<tr><td>Subspecies:<td>{{{subspecies|}}}
{{{subspecies_authority|}}}}}

Template:Section}|color=lightgrey|contents=[[{{{diversity_link}}}|Diversity]]}}

{{{diversity|}}}Template:Section}|color=lightgrey|contents=Binomial name}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial}}}
{{{binomial_authority|}}}}}Template:Section}|color=lightgrey|contents=Trinomial name}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial}}}
{{{trinomial_authority|}}}}}Template:Section}|color=lightgrey|contents=Type Genus}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{type_genus}}}
{{{type_genus_authority|}}}}}Template:Section}|color=lightgrey|contents=Type Species}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{type_species}}}
{{{type_species_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map}}}|{{{range_map_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map_caption|}}}]]

{{{range_map_caption|}}}

}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial2}}}
{{{binomial2_authority|}}}}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial2}}}
{{{trinomial2_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map2|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map2}}}|{{{range_map2_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map2_caption|}}}]]

{{{range_map2_caption|}}}

}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial3}}}
{{{binomial3_authority|}}}}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial3}}}
{{{trinomial3_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map3|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map3}}}|{{{range_map3_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map3_caption|}}}]]

{{{range_map3_caption|}}}

}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial4}}}
{{{binomial4_authority|}}}}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial4}}}
{{{trinomial4_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map4|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map4}}}|{{{range_map4_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map4_caption|}}}]]

{{{range_map4_caption|}}}

}}Template:Section}|color=lightgrey|contents=Genera}}

{{{subdivision|}}}

{{#if:{{{synonyms|}}}|<tr style="text-align:center; background:lightgrey;"><th>Synonyms

The green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae) are a family of phototrophic bacteria. No other bacterial families are known to be closely related to them, and they are accordingly placed in their own phylum (Chlorobi). The phylum is most closely related to Bacteroidetes.

Green sulfur bacteria are generally nonmotile (one species has a flagellum), and come in spheres, rods, and spirals. Their environment must be oxygen-free, and they need light to grow. They engage in photosynthesis, using bacteriochlorophylls c, d, and e in vesicles called chlorosomes attached to the membrane. They use sulfide ions as electron donor, and in the process the sulfide gets oxidized, producing globules of elemental sulfur outside the cell, which may then be further oxidized. (By contrast, the photosynthesis in plants uses water as electron donor and produces oxygen.)

A species of green sulfur bacteria has been found living near a black smoker off the coast of Mexico at a depth of 2,500 meters beneath the surface of the Pacific Ocean. At this depth, the bacteria, designated GSB1, lives off the dim glow of the thermal vent since no sunlight can penetrate to that depth.

[edit]