Eau de Cologne
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Image:1811-Rosoli-Flacon.jpg Image:Eau-de-Cologne-Rosoli.jpg
Eau de Cologne (French for "water of Cologne" or "Cologne perfume", Kölnisch Wasser in German) is a type of light perfume that originated in Cologne, Germany and is defined by its typical concentration of about 2-5% essential oils.
Composition
In a base of dilute ethanol (70-90%), Eau de Cologne contains a mixture of citrus oils including oils of lemon, orange, tangerine, bergamot, lime, grapefruit and neroli. It can also contain oils of lavender, rosemary, thyme, petitgrain (orange leaf), and jasmine.
History
Eau de Cologne is a spirit-citrus perfume launched in Cologne in 1709 by Giovanni Maria Farina 1685-1766, an Italian perfumer from Santa Maria Maggiore Valle Vigezzo, Italy. When Farina composed the perfume, he said he wanted it to have the odor of an italian spring morning after the rain.
The Original Eau de Cologne was used only as a perfume, and Napoleon was a particular enthusiast of the Farina Eau de Cologne.
Giovanni Maria Farina's formula has been produced in Cologne since 1709 by Farina gegenüber and to this day has remained a secret. His shop at Obenmarspforten opened in 1709 and is today the world's oldest fragrance company. Other Colognes have only the name in common and smell totally different. The cologne 4711, named after this location came nearly 100 years later in 1804. In 1806, Jean Marie Joseph Farina a grandgrandnephew of Giovanni Maria Farina 1685-1766 opened the Paris perfumery business that developed into Roger & Gallet, who own the rights to Eau de Cologne extra vielle in contrast to the Original Eau de Cologne from Cologne.
Eau de Cologne, or just "cologne", has now become a generic term. Ironically, however, the original Eau de Cologne from Cologne is not an Eau de cologne, but an Eau de toilette, because it contains more than 5 % aromatic compounds.ca:Aigua de Colònia da:Eau de Cologne de:Kölnisch Wasser es:Agua de colonia eo:Kolonjakvo fr:Eau de Cologne it:Acqua di Colonia nl:Eau de Cologne no:Eau de cologne pl:Woda kolońska ru:Одеколон sv:Eau de Cologne zh:科隆香水