Guanine

From Free net encyclopedia

Guanine
Image:Guanine chemical structure.png
General
Systematic name	2-amino-1H-purin-6(9H)-one
Other names	2-amino-6-oxo-purine, 2-aminohypoxanthine, Guanine
Molecular formula	C₅H₅N₅O
SMILES	NC(NC1=O)=NC2=C1N=CN2
Molar mass	151.13 g/mol
Appearance	White amorphous solid.
CAS number	Template:CASREF
Properties
Density and phase	? g/cm³, solid.
Solubility in water	Insoluable.
Melting point	360°C (633.15 K) deco.
Boiling point	Sublimes.
Structure
Crystal structure	?
Dipole moment	? D
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	Irritant.
NFPA 704	Template:Nfpa
Flash point	Non-flammable.
R/S statement	R: Template:R36, Template:R37, Template:R38. S: Template:R24/25, Template:R26, Template:R36.
RTECS number	MF8260000
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Other anions	?
Other cations	?
Related ?	?
Related compounds	Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine, Uracil
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Guanine is one of the five main nucleobases found in nucleic acids (e.g., DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, and in Watson-Crick base pairing forms three hydrogen bonds with cytosine. Guanine "stacks" vertically with the other nucleobases via aromatic interactions. Guanine is a tautomer (see keto-enol tautomerism). The guanine nucleoside is called guanosine.

Guanine is also the name of a white amorphous substance found in the scales of certain fishes, the guano of sea-birds, and the liver and pancreas of mammals. In fact, the name of the nucleobase is derived from the term 'guano', because it was first isolated from bird manure.

In cosmetic industry, crystallic guanine is used as an additive to various products (eg. shampoos), where it provides the pearly iridescent effect. It provides shimmering lustre to eye shadow and nail polish.It may irritate eyes. Its alternatives are synthetic pearl, and aluminium and bronze particles.

[edit]