Hun Sen
From Free net encyclopedia
Sâmdech ("Lord") Hun Sen Chinese: 雲升 or 洪森 (born April 4 1951) is the Prime Minister of Cambodia. Married to Bun Rany. He is a key leader of the Cambodian People's Party, which, has governed Cambodia in a coalition with the Funcinpec party since the restoration of multi-party democracy in 1993. The coalition was shaken by tensions between Funcinpec leader Prince Norodom Ranariddh and Hun Sen, who in 1997 launched a bloody coup, removing Ranariddh and becoming the country's sole prime minister. Several royalist supporters were tortured to death by CPP members, though Hun Sen denied any involvement. [1] He also denied that his action was a coup, alleging that Funcinpec was collaborating with Khmer Rouge rebels. [2]
The elections of July 2003 resulted in a larger majority in the National Assembly for the CPP, with FUNCINPEC losing seats to CPP and the Sam Rainsy Party. However, CPP's majority was short of the constitutionally-required 2/3 for the CPP to form a government alone. This deadlock was overcome through some creative interpretation of the constitution and a new CPP-FUNCINPEC coalition was formed in mid 2004.
Many details of Hun Sen's early life are disputed. Australian researcher Ben Kiernan claims Hun Sen joined the Khmer Rouge in 1967 in the rush of many young leftists to the countryside. Hun Sen himself claims that he joined in 1970 answering the call of Prince Norodom Sihanouk to rise up against the government. He suffered five injuries in battle including the loss of one eye two days before the fall of Phnom Penh to the Khmer Rouge in April 1975.
Hun Sen was assigned to eastern Cambodia as a Deputy regimental commander in the Khmer Rouge army. He ended up in Vietnam in May 1977 but the circumstances of how and why he was in Vietnam are disputed. He claims that he defected to Vietnam because of his dislike of the Khmer Rouge government. Other stories either have him fleeing the purges of party members that occured in 1977 or being captured during military operations against Vietnam.
He was selected by the Vietnamese for a leadership role in the rebel army and government they were creating for Cambodia. When the Khmer Rouge regime was overthrown, Hun Sen was appointed foreign minister of the Vietnamese-installed People's Republic of Kampuchea from 1979 until 1990, with a brief interruption from 1986 until 1987. As foreign minister Hun Sen was a key figure in the Paris Peace Talks which brokered peace in Indochina. He became Prime Minister in 1985, shortly after the death of Chan Sy. From 1993 until 1998 he was co-prime-minister with Prince Norodom Ranariddh. He has been reputed to use intimidation tactics in politics to remain in power.
Some political opponents of Hun Sen accuse him of being a puppet of Hanoi due to his position in the government created by Vietnam while Cambodia was under Vietnamese military occupation. The accusation is also based on the fact that he was involved in the former PRK as a prominent figure in the People's Revolutionary Party of Kampuchea (now known as the Cambodian People's Party,) which governed Cambodia as a one-party state from 1979 until the restoration of democracy in 1993. Hun Sen tends to denounce such charges, claiming that he represents only the Cambodian people. More recent political opponents outside the country accuse him of being a corrupt dictator who controls the country by force.
The title "Sâmdech" was attached to his name in 1993 by King Norodom Sihanouk. It is only a honorary title and does not give him further powers.
Template:Start box Template:Succession box Template:End box
Further reading
- Elizabeth Becker. 1986, 1998. When the War Was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge. New York: Public Affairs. ISBN 1891620002
- Harish C. Mehta and Julie B. Mehta. 1999. Hun Sen: Strongman of Cambodia. Singapore: Graham Brash Pte Ltd. ISBN 9812180745de:Hun Sen
es:Hun Sen fr:Hun Sen gl:Hun Sen - 雲升 ms:Hun Sen nl:Hun Sen ja:フン・セン zh:洪森