Hypocoristic

From Free net encyclopedia

A hypocoristic (or hypocorism) is a pet name or term of endearment, a lesser form of the given name used in more intimate situations. Often generated as

  • a contracted form of a given name, such as Tony from Anthony.
  • a given name with a diminutive suffix; in some languages diminutive forms of names are used primarily when referring to children and the meaning can oscillate between tenderness and condescension when used for an adult.
    • -ito/-ita or -ín/-ina in Spanish, such as Juanita from Juana. Extra consonants may be interposed as in Carmelina and Carmencita from Carmen.
    • a parallel construction in Portuguese, with -inho/-inha, as in Aninha from Ana and Joãozinho from João.
    • -ie or -y in English, such as Vicky from Victoria.
    • -chan in Japanese, such as Kana-chan from Kana and Aki-chan from Akihiro. Gemination (doubling) of the consonant or lengthening of the vowel before the -chan to provide two moras is common, such as Settchan from Setsuko and Hii-chan from Hiroki.
    • reduplication in various languages, such as John-John or Didi.
    • the addition of a word-final very high tone, or changed tone, in Cantonese and related dialects, sometimes in combination with the addition of the mid-toned prefix a before the name.

The word "hypocoristic" is used as a noun or adjective in English; some other languages prefer to use the original Greek word "hypocoristicon" as a noun. The noun "hypocoristicon" seems to be rarely used in English.

See also