Hyponym
From Free net encyclopedia
A hyponym (in Greek: υπονύμιον, literally meaning 'few names') is a word whose extension is included within that of another word. German Unterbegriff, lit. "Underconcept" thus "Subterm", achieves this meaning without a loanword. For example, scarlet, vermilion, carmine and crimson are all hyponyms of their hypernym red - hypernym is the opposite of hyponym. Since another word for hypernym is superordinate, logically but only theoretically an approximation for hyponym would be subordinate.
According to Victoria Fromkin & Robert Rodman in their book "Introduction to Language" hyponyms are a set of related words whose meaning are specific instances of a more general word e.g., red, white, blue, etc., are hyponyms of the word color). Hyponymy is thus the relationship between a general term such as polygon and specific instances of it, such as the word triangle.
- autohyponyms (Horn, 1994)
Examples: temperature-fever, drink-drink alcohol
See also
- -onym
- sub- and subcategory
- meronymy
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