John VI of Portugal

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John VI (Portuguese João, pron. IPA /Template:IPA/), the Clement (Port. o Clemente), 27th (or 28th according to some historians) King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves (1769-1826; later changing to just King of Portugal and Algarves, since Brazil was recognized independent in 1825) was born in Lisbon on 13 May 1769, and received the title of prince of Brazil in 1788.

In 1792 he assumed the reins of government in name of his mother, Queen Maria I, who had declined into a mental illness (perhaps due to porphyria). He had been brought up in an ecclesiastical atmosphere and, being naturally of a somewhat weak and helpless character, was but ill adapted for the responsibilities he was thus called on to undertake. In 1799 he assumed the title of regent, which he retained until his mother's death in 1816. In 1807, Portugal was invaded by the French, and the whole royal family fled to Brazil, accompanied by an escort of British ships (Britain had previously urged them not to yield to Napoleon's demands).

In 1816 he was recognized as king of Portugal but he continued to reside in Brazil, which he as regent had raised to the status of a kingdom on 16 December 1815. The consequent spread of dissatisfaction resulted in the peaceful revolution of 24 August 1820, and the proclamation of a constitutional government, to which he swore fidelity on his return to Portugal in 1821. In the same year, and again in 1823, he had to suppress a rebellion led by his son Dom Miguel, whom he ultimately was compelled to banish in 1824. Meanwhile his elder son, Dom Pedro, declared Brazilian independence from Portugal on 7 September 1822. He subsequently declared himself Emperor as Pedro I. João VI refused to assent to this devolution until August 29, 1825, when he restored Pedro to the succession in the belief that Brazil and Portugal would be reunited in a dual monarchy federation after his own death. He died at Lisbon on 26 March 1826, and was succeeded by Pedro (as King Pedro IV).

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John's marriages and descendants

John married Charlotte of Spain (April 25 1775-December 7 1830 in 1785 and had several children:

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See also

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References

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