Lamiales

From Free net encyclopedia

{{Taxobox | color = lightgreen | name = Lamiales | regnum = Plantae | divisio = Magnoliophyta | classis = Magnoliopsida | ordo = Lamiales | ordo_authority = Bromhead | subdivision_ranks = Families | subdivision = See text }}

The Order Lamiales is a taxon in the asterid group of dicotyledonous flowering plants. Lamiales formerly had a restricted circumscription (e.g., by Arthur Cronquist) that included the major families Lamiaceae (Labiatae), Verbenaceae, and Boraginaceae plus a few smaller families. Recent phylogenetic work has shown that Lamiales is polyphyletic with respect to order Scrophulariales and the two groups are now usually combined in a single order that also includes the former orders Hippuridales and Plantaginales. Lamiales has become the preferred name for this much larger combined group. The placement of Boraginaceae is unclear but phylogenetic work shows that this family does not belong in Lamiales.

The circumscription of Scrophulariaceae, formerly a heterogeneous para/polyphyletic group defined primarily by plesiomorphic characters and from within which numerous other families of the Lamiales were derived, has been radically altered to create a number of smaller, better-defined and putatively monophyletic families.

Under the older Cronquist system of classification, the Lamiales included the families Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Boraginaceae, and Lennoaceae. Many of the other families listed below were placed in the Order Scrophulariales. Inclusion of all the following families is typical of newer classifications:

Species in the order Lamiales show typically the following characteristics, although there are exceptions to all of them:

  • superior ovary composed of two fused carpels
  • five petals fused into a tube
  • bilaterally symmetrical, often bilabiate corollas
  • four (or fewer) fertile stamens

There are about 11,000 species in the Lamiales. They are divided among 10 or more families (Uni-Ham 52e 2002-09-06):


[edit]

External links

da:Læbeblomst-ordenen de:Lippenblütlerartige es:Lamiales fr:Lamiales ko:꿀풀목 it:Lamiales nl:Lamiales no:Lamiales pl:Jasnotowce pt:Lamiales fi:Lamiales sv:Lamiales vi:Bộ Hoa môi zh:脣形目

Retrieved from "http://www.netipedia.com/index.php/Lamiales"