May 12
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May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). There are 233 days remaining.
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Events
- 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre.
- 1264 - The Battle of Lewes, between King Henry III of England and the rebel Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, begins.
- 1328 - Antipope Nicholas V, a claimant to the papacy, is consecrated in Rome by the Bishop of Venice.
- 1364 - Jagiellonian University in Kraków, the oldest university in Poland, was founded in Kraków, Poland.
- 1551 - National University of San Marcos, the oldest university in the Americas, was founded in Lima, Peru.
- 1588 - French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry of Guise enters the city.
- 1689 - King William's War: William III of England joins the League of Augsburg starting a war with France.
- 1780 - American Revolutionary War: Charleston, South Carolina is taken by British forces.
- 1797 - First Coalition: Napoleon I of France conquers Venice.
- 1862 - U.S federal troops occupy Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House: Thousands of Union and Confederate soldiers die in "the Bloody Angle".
- 1870 - The Manitoba Act was given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
- 1873 - Oscar II of Sweden-Norway is crowned King of Sweden.
- 1881 - In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate.
- 1885 - North-West Rebellion: The four-day Battle of Batoche, pitting rebel Métis against the Canadian government, comes to an end with a decisive rebel defeat.
- 1890 - The first-ever official County Championship match begins. Yorkshire beat Gloucestershire by eight wickets at Bristol. George Ulyett scores the first century in the competition.
- 1926 - UK General Strike 1926: In the United Kingdom, a nine-day general strike by trade unions ends.
- 1932 - Ten weeks after his abduction, the infant son of Charles Lindbergh is found dead in Hopewell, New Jersey just a few miles from the Lindbergh's home.
- 1937 - Coronation of King George VI of Britain at Westminster Abbey.
- 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of Kharkov – In the eastern Ukraine, the Soviet Army initiates a major offensive. During the battle the Soviets will capture the city of Kharkov from the German Army, only to be encircled and destroyed.
- 1942 - 1,500 Jews are sent to gas chambers in Auschwitz.
- 1949 - Cold War: The Soviet Union lifts its Blockade of Berlin.
- 1952 - Gaj Singh crowned Maharaja of Jodhpur.
- 1958 - A formal North American Aerospace Defense Command agreement is signed between the United States and Canada.
- 1962 - Douglas MacArthur delivers his famous "Duty, Honor, Country" valedictory speech at West Point.
- 1965 - The Soviet spacecraft Luna 5 crashes on the Moon.
- 1966 - Busch Memorial Stadium, home of the St. Louis Cardinals major league baseball team, opens in St. Louis, Missouri.
- 1967 - At Queen Elizabeth Hall, England, Pink Floyd stages the first-ever quadraphonic rock concert.
- 1970 - Ernie Banks becomes the ninth member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois.
- 1972 - The Rolling Stones release Exile On Main Street, often considered their best album.
- 1975 - Mayagüez incident: The Cambodian navy seizes the American merchant ship SS Mayaguez in international waters.
- 1978 - In Zaire, rebels occupy the city of Kolwezi, the mining center of the province of Shaba. The government of Zaire asks the U.S., France and Belgium to restore order.
- 1989 - A Southern Pacific Railroad freight train derails on Duffy Street on the very steep Cajon Pass in San Bernardino, California.
- 1997 - In the 7th inning of a baseball game between the Anaheim Angels and the Chicago White Sox, the Angels score 13 runs.
- 1999 - David Steel becomes the first Presiding Officer (speaker) of the modern Scottish Parliament.
- 2000 - The Tate Modern art gallery opens in London.
- 2001 - In Copenhagen, Denmark, Tanel Padar & Dave Benton win the forty-sixth Eurovision Song Contest for Estonia singing "Everybody".
- 2002 - Former President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a five-day visit with Fidel Castro becoming first President of the United States, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.
- 2003 - The Riyadh compound bombings, carried out by Al Qaeda, kill 26.
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Births
- 1401 - Emperor Shoko of Japan (d. 1428)
- 1496 - Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1560)
- 1590 - Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1621)
- 1626 - Louis Hennepin, Flemish Catholic missionary in North America
- 1670 - King Frederick Augustus I of Poland (d. 1733)
- 1700 - Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect (d. 1773)
- 1725 - Louis Philip I, Duke of Orléans, French soldier and writer (d. 1785)
- 1767 - Manuel de Godoy, Spanish statesman (d. 1851)
- 1803 - Justus von Liebig, German chemist (d. 1873)
- 1806 - Johan Vilhelm Snellman, Finnish statesman (d. 1881)
- 1812 - Edward Lear, English author and poet (d. 1888)
- 1820 - Florence Nightingale, English nurse (d. 1910)
- 1828 - Dante Gabriel Rossetti, English poet and painter (d. 1882)
- 1845 - Gabriel Fauré, French composer (d. 1924)
- 1850 - Henry Cabot Lodge, U.S. statesman (d. 1924)
- 1867 - Hugh Trumble, Australian test cricketer (d. 1938)
- 1880 - Lincoln Ellsworth, American scientist and polar explorer (d. 1951)
- 1889 - Otto Frank, German writer, father of Anne Frank (d. 1980)
- 1892 - Fritz Kortner, Austrian-born director (d. 1970)
- 1895 - William Giauque, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
- 1899 - Indra Devi, yogi (d. 2002)
- 1900 - Helene Weigel, German actress (d. 1971)
- 1907 - Katharine Hepburn, American actress (d. 2003)
- 1910 - Charles B. Fulton, American jurist (d. 1996)
- 1910 - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
- 1912 - Archibald Cox, U.S. Solicitor General and Watergate special prosecutor (d. 2004)
- 1914 - Bertus Aafjes, Dutch poet (d. 1993)
- 1914 - Howard K. Smith, American journalist (d. 2002)
- 1917 - Frank Clair, Canadian football coach
- 1918 - Julius Rosenberg, American spy (d. 1953)
- 1921 - Joseph Beuys, German artist (d. 1986)
- 1921 - Farley Mowat, Canadian writer and naturalist
- 1924 - Tony Hancock, British comedian (d. 1968)
- 1925 - Yogi Berra, baseball player
- 1928 - Burt Bacharach, American composer
- 1935 - Felipe Alou, Dominican Major League Baseball manager
- 1936 - Frank Stella, American painter
- 1936 - Tom Snyder, American journalist and television personality
- 1937 - George Carlin, American comedian
- 1937 - Beryl Burton, English cyclist
- 1939 - Ron Ziegler, White House Press Secretary (d. 2003)
- 1942 - Ian Dury, British musician (d. 2000)
- 1948 - Steve Winwood, English singer, songwriter and musician (Blind Faith, Traffic, The Spencer Davis Group)
- 1950 - Bruce Boxleitner, American actor
- 1950 - Billy Squier, American singer, songwriter and guitarist
- 1950 - Gabriel Byrne, Irish actor
- 1955 - Kix Brooks, American musician
- 1956 - Bernie Federko, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1961 - Bruce McCulloch, Canadian actor, writer, and comedian (Kids in the Hall)
- 1961 - Lar Park Lincoln, American actress
- 1962 - Emilio Estevez, American actor
- 1963 - Vanessa A. Williams, American actress
- 1964 - Brett Gurewitz, American guitarist (Bad Religion)
- 1966 - Stephen Baldwin, American actor
- 1968 - Tony Hawk, American skateboarder
- 1969 - Kim Fields, American actress
- 1970 - Mike Weir, Canadian golfer
- 1970 - Jim Furyk, American golfer
- 1975 - Jonah Lomu, New Zealand rugby player
- 1977 - Graeme Dott, Scottish snooker player
- 1978 - Hossein Reza Zadeh, Iranian weightlifter
- 1978 - Jason Biggs, American actor
- 1981 - Kentaro Sato, Japanese composer
- 1992 - Malcolm David Kelley, American child actor
- 1993 - Kayla Rolland, school shooting victim (d. 2000)
- 1995 - Jean Carlos Chera, Brazilian footballer
- 1995 - Sawyer and Sullivan Sweeten, American child actors
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Deaths
- 1003 - Pope Silvester II
- 1012 - Pope Sergius IV
- 1382 - Queen Joan I of Naples (b. 1327)
- 1399 - Demetrius I Starshiy (killed in battle) (b. 1327)
- 1465 - Thomas Palaeologus, Despot of the Despotate of Morea
- 1634 - George Chapman, English writer
- 1641 - Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, English statesman (b. 1593)
- 1684 - Edme Mariotte, French physicist and priest
- 1699 - Lucas Achtschellinck, Flemish painter (b. 1626)
- 1700 - John Dryden, English writer (b. 1631)
- 1708 - Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1658)
- 1748 - Thomas Lowndes, English astronomer (b. 1692)
- 1759 - Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor (b. 1700)
- 1784 - Abraham Trembley, Swiss naturalist (b. 1710)
- 1792 - Charles Simon Favart, French dramatist (b. 1710)
- 1796 - Johann Peter Uz, German poet (b. 1720)
- 1801 - Nicholas Repnin, Russian statesman (b. 1734)
- 1845 - János Bacsanyi, Hungarian poet (b. 1763)
- 1859 - Sergei Aksakov, Russian writer (b. 1791)
- 1860 - Charles Barry, English architect (b. 1795)
- 1867 - Friedrich William Eduard Gerhard, German archaeologist (b. 1795)
- 1871 - Anselme Payen, French physicist (b. 1795)
- 1884 - Bedřich Smetana, Czech composer (b. 1824)
- 1889 - John Cadbury, English chocolate entrepreneur (b. 1801)
- 1907 - Joris-Karl Huysmans, French author (b. 1848)
- 1925 - Amy Lowell, American poet (b. 1874)
- 1935 - Józef Piłsudski, Polish statesman (b. 1867)
- 1944 - Max Brand, American author (b. 1892)
- 1944 - Q, British writer (b. 1863)
- 1956 - Louis Calhern, American actor (b. 1895)
- 1957 - Erich von Stroheim, film director and actor (b. 1885)
- 1958 - Eric Singer, drummer
- 1963 - Bobby Kerr, Canadian runner (b. 1882)
- 1967 - John Masefield, British writer (b. 1878)
- 1970 - Nelly Sachs, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
- 1971 - Heinie Manush, baseball player (b. 1901)
- 1985 - Jean Dubuffet, French painter (b. 1901)
- 1986 - Elisabeth Bergner, Austrian actress (b. 1897)
- 1990 - Chen Kenmin, Japanese chef (b. 1912)
- 1992 - Robert Reed, American actor (b. 1932)
- 1994 - John Smith, British politician (b. 1938)
- 1994 - Erik Erikson, German psychoanalyst (b. 1902)
- 1995 - Mia Martini, Italian singer (b. 1947)
- 1999 - Saul Steinberg, Romanian-American cartoonist (b. 1914)
- 2000 - Adam Petty, American race car driver (b. 1980)
- 2001 - Perry Como, American singer (b. 1912)
- 2002 - Erich Kulas, ECW Wrestler (Mass Transit)
- 2003 - Sadruddin Aga Khan, French UN High Commissioner for Refugees (b. 1933)
- 2005 - Monica Zetterlund, Swedish actress and singer (b. 1937)
- 2005 - Martin Lings, English Islamic scholar (b. 1909)
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Holidays and observances
- Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
- Israel - Yom Ha'atzma'ut (Israeli Independence Day) for 2005: the observed date of this national holiday is determined by the Jewish Calendar.
- International Nurses Day
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External links
May 11 - May 13 - April 12 - June 12 – listing of all days
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