Messianism
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Messianism is any Judaic based field of philosophy which concerns itself with the interpretations of messianic fulfilment. The five most common forms of messianism are found in Christianity, Judaism, Zionism, Islam, and Adventism, though many other forms also exist.
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Christianity
Christian messianism is based upon the necessity of a human blood sacrifice, to atone for the sins of the world. The Christian interpretation of messianic scripture is that one man must bear the sufferings of all the people. It makes the theological progression from there that a loving God could not have created the necessity for one person to take such suffering unless God intended to become man to shoulder that burden.
A specific form of Christianity messianism is the romanticism Slavic messianism, arguing that Slavs (or specific nations, like Poland) are being hurt (crucified) in order for other Europan nations to be eventually saved. This theme is visible in the works of Polish famous poet, Adam Mickiewicz, and his famous quote Polska Chrystusem narodów (Poland - Christ of the nations). See also [1]
Judaism
Jewish messianic groups anticipate the arrival of the prophetic Jewish messiah. Some are actively making plans to rebuild the third Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem to prepare the way.
Zionism
In Zionist messianism, the state and army are the people's salvation and change of event is brought upon by human action. Zionism is an existentialist form of messianism where material needs of the people are addressed through practical and realistic solutions.
Islam
In Islamic messianism, Jesus of Nazareth is considered a prophet, and the true Messiah. It is narrated in the traditions of Prophet Muhammad that during the end-times Jesus will descend from the heaven, and along with Mahdi, he will remove the problems of the world. (See Qiyamah).
Adventism
Adventist messianism is a feature of Quaker-Judaism (Chareidi), some Christian movements and Islam where the state of the word is recognised as hopelessly flawed beyond normal human powers of correction and the necessity of divine intervention through a specially selected and supported human is recognised as needed. Adventism usually takes a literal interpretation of scriptures and expects the specially selected human to be accompanied by unmistakeable miraculous signs.
Universal Messianism
(Messianic Universalism) The belief in the Universal oneness of all of God’s creations, existing as one single Universal family, descending from one Source, each creation created fairly through God’s equal love and through God's intentions of creating and sustaining life for a good eternal purpose of living to Messianicly serve God, by protecting good and purging evil from the Universe, in advancement towards a greater Universe of Universal equality, unity, liberty, purity and security and in fulfillment of eternal destiny.
Other forms
Other forms include Humanitism, a type of social solidarity; and New Age Messianism where idiosyncratic leaders of small groups claim a role similar to or identical with the prophetic Messiah.