Orders of magnitude (temperature)
From Free net encyclopedia
| Factor | Multiple | Item |
|---|---|---|
| <math>10^{-\infty}</math> | 0 K | absolute zero, an infinite number of orders of magnitude below any attainable temperature |
| 10-18 | 1 aK | quantum tunneling matter |
| 10-15 | 1 fK | atomic waves coherent over centimeters atomic particles decoherent over centimeters |
| 10-12 | 1 pK | 100 pK, lowest temperature ever achieved in the laboratory |
| 10-9 | 1 nK | 50 nK, Fermi melting point of potassium-40 Bose melting point of bosonic atomic gasses Doppler-locked refrigerants in laser cooling and magneto-optical traps |
| 10-6 | 1 μK | nuclear demagnetization |
| 10-3 | 1 mK | radio excitations 2.5 mK, Fermi melting point of helium-3 kinetic dilution sorting of isotopes adiabatic demagnetization of paramagnetic molecules 300 mK in evaporative cooling of helium-3 microwave excitations |
| 100 | 1 K | 1.5 K, melting point of overbound helium 2.19 K, lambda point of overbound superfluid helium 2.725 K, cosmic microwave background 4.22 K, boiling point of bound helium |
| 101 | 10 K | Fermi melting point of valence electrons for superconductivity 14 K, melting point of bound hydrogen 20 K, boiling point of bound hydrogen 63 K, melting point of bound nitrogen 68 K, mean temperature of Uranus 90 K, boiling point of bound oxygen |
| 102 | 100 K | infrared excitations 183.75 K (–89.4 °C), coldest surface air temperature recorded on Earth 273.15 K (0 °C), melting point of bound water about 293 K, room temperature 373.15 K (100 °C), boiling point of bound water |
| 103 | 1 kK | visible light excitations 1808 K, melting point of bound iron (lower for steel) 1900 K, Space Shuttle Orbiter hull temperature in 8km/s dive 4160 K, melting point of bound hafnium carbide 4700 K, triple point of overbound carbon 5100 K in cyanogen-dioxygen flame 5300 K in dicyanoacetylene (carbon subnitride)-dioxygen flame 5780 K on Sun ultraviolet excitations anionic sparks 11.4 kK in mononitrogen recombination 28 kK in cationic lightning over Earth 37 kK in proton-electron reactions Fermi boiling point of valence electrons X ray excitations |
| 106 | 1 MK | gamma excitations 13.6 MK in Sun's core |
| 109 | 1 GK | 2.9 GK in electron-positron reactions 10 GK in supernova explosions |
| 1012 | 1 TK | 1 TK everywhere shortly after Big Bang 4.38 TK in proton-antiproton reactions 350 TK at proton-nickel collisions in the Tevatron's Main Injector |
| 1015 | 1 PK | 4.6 PK at proton-antiproton collisions in same |
| 1018 | 1 EK | 2.7 EK at heavy nuclear collisions in the Large Hadron Collider |
| 1021 | 1 ZK | 700 ZK at Oh-My-God particle collisions |
| 1024 | 1 YK | |
| 1027 | 1 XK | grand unified theory excitations |
| 1030 | 1 WK | 1.4Template:E K, Planck temperature of micro black holes |
| 1033 | 1033 K | theory of everything excitations, Landau poles, extradimensional gauge freedom |