Prime Minister of Afghanistan

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Template:PoliticsAF The Prime Minister of Afghanistan is a currently a defunct post in the Afghan Government.

The position was created in 1927, and was appointed by the king, mostly as an advisor, until the end of the monarchy in 1973. During the Communist Era, the position was the head of government.

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Constitutions of 1923 and 1963

The Charmain of the Council of Minister was not headed by the Prime Minister, but the King. Only during his absence, the Premier was the acting Chairman of the Council.

Until 1963, the King always appointed one of his relatives as Prime Ministers. The King also had the power to dismiss or transfer the Prime Minister.

This was changed, stating that the Head of the Afghan Government was the Prime Minister, and that the government consisted of its Ministers. It was the first time that the King did not play an important role in the Government, leaving it to an elected authority. However, it also stated that they cannot engage in any other profession during their tenure of office.

The Constitution of 1963 also granted the Prime Minister the power to summon the Electoral College in case of the death of the King. The Prime Minister only answered to the Wolesi Jirga about the General Policy of the Government, and individually for their prescribed duties.

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The Saur Revolution ( 1978 - 1992 )

In April 1978, Mohammad Daoud was killed during a communist coup that started the Saur Revolution. The Communist government revived the office of Prime Minister that year, and it remained throughout the reign of the Communist and post-Communist governments.

The President was in charge of its appointment. The Council of Ministers was appointed by the Prime Minister. It was empowered: to formulate and implement domestic and foreign policies; to formulate economic development plans and state budgets; and to ensure public order.

Under the Constitution fo 1987, The President was responsable to appoint the Prime Minister in order to form the Government. Also, as stated by the law, the Prime Minister could disolve the

Several Afghan Presidents during the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Era were also appointed Prime Minister. With the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, The Prime Minister was no longer in charge of the government. The General Secretary of the PDPA or the Director of the KHAD exercised more power.

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The Islamic Republic ( 1992 to our days )

After the collapse of Mohammad Najibullah's Presidency, a transitional state was created. Thus, the office of Prime Minister once again played an important role in the history of the nation.

Also, the Constitution of 1990 stablished that only afghan-born citizens are eligible to hold the office, something that was not specified in the previous documents.

There were constant frictions between the President and the Premier during this period. The State had collapsed and there was not an effective central Government from 1992 until 1996. Thus, the position became de facto ceremonial, with little power in what was left of the Government.

The title was abolished when the Taliban captured Kabul in 1996 and proclaimed the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. The Deputy Leader of the Taliban was often known as the Prime Minister throughout its rule. With the death of Rabbani in 2001, the Taliban decided not to revive the office.

Until August 1997, the government which the Taliban had ousted, which remained in rebellion until the end of the Taliban in 2001, had a Prime Minister in the government, but it was abolished.

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Prime Ministers of Afghanistan


No. Name Took Office Left Office Political Party
01 Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan November 14, 1929 May, 1946 None - Appointed by the King
02 Mohammad Daoud February 8, 1963 April 13, 1966 None - Appointed by the King
03 Mohammad Yusuf Khan April 13, 1966 April 16, 1966 None - Appointed by the King
04 Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal November 2, 1965 October 11, 1967 Progressive Democratic Party
05 Abdullah Yaqta October 11, 1967 November 1, 1967
06 Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi July 16, 1979 April 9, 2003
07 Sharifi Abdul Zahir July 16, 1979 April 9, 2003
08 Mohammad Musa Shafiq July 16, 1979 July 17, 1973
* Vacant ¹ July 17, 1973 April 27, 1978
09 Nur Mohammad Taraki April 27, 1978 March 27, 1979 People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
10 Hafizullah Amin March 27, 1979 December 27, 1979 People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
11 Babrak Karmal December 27, 1979 June 11, 1981 People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
12 Sultan Ali Keshtmand June 11, 1981 May 26, 1988 People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
13 Mohammad Hasan Sharq May 26, 1988 February 21, 1989 None
* Sultan Ali Keshtmand February 21, 1989 May 8, 1990 People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
14 Fazal Haq Khaliqyar May 8, 1990 April 15, 1992 People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
15 Abdul Sabur Farid April 15, 1992 August 15, 1992 Hezb-i-Islami
16 Gulbuddin Hekmatyar June 17, 1993 June 28, 1994 Hezb-i-Islami
17 Arsala Rahmani June 28, 1994 1995 Ittihad-i Islami Bara-i Azadi-i Afghanistan
18 Ahmad Shah Ahmadzai 1995 February 21, 1989 Ittihad-i Islami Bara-i Azadi-i Afghanistan
* Gulbuddin Hekmatyar May 26, 1988 September 26, 1996 Hezb-i-Islami
19 Muhammad Rabbani ³ September 26, 1996 April 21, 2001 Taliban
** Vacant ³ April 21, 2001

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  • ¹ The office was abolished in 1973 when former Prime Minister Mohammad Daoud deposed the Afghan King Mohammed Zahir Shah in a coup and proclaimed the Republic . The Head of the Government was the President, and this was officialiced by the Constitution of 1976.
  • ² Under the title of Head of the Supreme Council.
  • ³ Hamid Karzai is currently the democratically elected president and is both Head of State and Head of Government. There have been no moves to reinsitute the position of Prime Minister.
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See also

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External links

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