Royal House

From Free net encyclopedia

A Royal House or Dynasty is an sort of Family name used by royalty. It generally represents the members of a family in various senior and junior or cadet branches, who are loosely related but not necessarily of the same immediate kin.

Because of royal intermarriage and the creation of cadet branches, a royal house generally will not entirely correspond to one family or place; members of the same house in different branches may rule entirely different countries and only be vaguely related. The family may have originated entirely elsewhere.

The House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, for example, originated in Germany as a ducal and electoral family. Today, it no longer holds any status in Germany, but different branches sit on various thrones, including those of the United Kingdom and Belgium. Former monarchs of Portugal and Bulgaria also belonged to this house, although they were not especially closely related, as they descended from different branches, some of them distinct for centuries.

Royal house names in Europe are taken from the father; in cases where a Queen regnant marries a prince of another house, their children (and therefore subsequent monarchs) belong to his house. Thus Britain's queen Victoria belonged to the house of Hannover, but her descendants by her consort prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha became members of that house. (The name was changed to Windsor in 1915.) This, by the way, is beginning to change: the children of queens regnant in the Netherlands and Luxemburg have retained their maternal House association and in the United Kingdom, by decision of Queen Elizabeth II, her descendants by her husband, Prince Philip of Greece, known as Mountbatten, will bear as surname the combined Mountbatten-Windsor.

Another way in which the royal house of a given country may change is when a foreign prince is invited to fill a vacant throne or a next-of-kin from a foreign house succeeds. This occurred with the death of childless Queen Anne of the House of Stuart: she was succeeded by a prince of the Hannover who was her nearest Protestant relative.

The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg rules in Norway and ruled in Greece, because the modern founding monarchs of those nations were initially princes invited from Denmark, which is a fief of that house. No prince of any of these countries ever calls himself "Mr Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg", a monstrosity known only to genealogists, however. They call themselves "of Denmark", "of Norway" and "of Greece".

Unlike all Europeans, most of the world's Royal Families do not really have Family names and those that have adopted them rarely use them. They are referred to instead by their titles, often related to an area ruled or once ruled by that family. The name of a Royal House is not a surname, just a convenient way of dynastic identification of individuals.



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Reigning Sovereign Houses

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Deposed or Extinct Sovereign Houses

The majority of these nations are now republics or part of republics. The Princely Houses of Germany often have given their own names to the states they ruled.


cs:Dynastie it:Casa reale

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