Social Democratic Party of Austria

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(Redirected from SDAPÖ)

Template:Infobox Austrian Political Party The Social Democratic Party of Austria (de:Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs, or SPÖ) is one of the oldest political parties in Austria. The SPÖ is one of the major parties in Austria and has particular strong ties to labour unions and the Austrian Chamber of Labour (Arbeiterkammer).

1 History
2 Party chairpersons since 1945
3 See also
4 External links

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History

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From the beginnings until 1918

Socialist worker movements and associations started building already in the mid 1800's. The first meeting took place in 1874 in Neudörfl in Burgenland. In the following years there was factual infighting and the party split into moderate and anarchistic factions. It was united in 1889 as Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Österreichs (SDAPÖ), especially through the work of Doctor Victor Adler. At the party congress in Hainfeld, the party decided to accept Adler's “Prinzipienerklärung” (Declaration of Principles). December 30, 1888 to January 1, 1889 is therefore considered the founding date. On July 12, 1889 the first issue of the party newspaper the Arbeiter-Zeitung was printed. The party was initially close to Marxism and continued to grow especially in Vienna, the industrial areas of Bohemia, Moravia, Styria, Lower- and Upper Austria.

The party participated in the founding of the Second International in Paris on July 14, 1889. The party campaigned for more rights for workers including their right to vote. In the Brünner Programm of September 1899, the Socialists demanded that the Austro-Hungarian Empire be reformed into a democratic, federal state.

The Socialists were allowed to run in the City Council (Gemeinderat) elections of Vienna on May 30, 1890. However suffrage was only granted after a general strike in 1907. In the elections to the House of Deputies in the Reichsrat, the Socialists were able to win many votes. Out of a total of 516 seats, the party won 87 seats, becoming second strongest fraction in parliament after the Christian Social Party. Eventually by 1911 the Socalists became the strongest party in parliament.

The party initially supported the declaration of war against Serbia after the Assassination in Sarajevo of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg in 1914, but soon realised that the disastrous war was untenable. After the death of Emperor Franz Joseph, the first peace-meeting was held in December 1916. By January 1918, strikes were breaking out, calling for an end of the war and the terrible suffering of the people, especially the worker's families, had to endure.

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First Republic

Image:SDAPÖ logo.PNG The party was fairly successful in the 1920s, but its members were persecuted by right-wingers in the early 1930s. Both under the Austro-fascist dictatorship (1934-1938) and during the German occupation of Austria between 1938 and 1945, the SDAPÖ was banned and persecuted heavily, but after liberation, the Social Democrats became a major political force in post-war Austria.

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Second Republic

Image:SPÖ Zentrale, Vienna 3.jpg Currently, it holds the presidency of Austria under Heinz Fischer, and has 69 seats in the Nationalrat and 23 seats in the Bundesrat, making it the second largest party in Austria. It has 9 seats in the European Parliament, the largest party for Austria in the European Parliament.

It is a member of the Party of European Socialists in the European Parliament.

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Party chairpersons since 1945

The chart below shows a timeline of the social democratic chairpersons and the Chancellors of Austria. The left bar shows all the chairpersons (Bundesparteivorsitzende, abbreviated as "CP") of the SPÖ, and the right bar shows the corresponding make-up of the Austrian government at that time. The red (SPÖ) and black (ÖVP) colours correspond to which party led the federal government (Bundesregierung, abbreviated as "Govern."). The last names of the respective chancellors are shown, the Roman numeral stands for the cabinets.

<timeline> ImageSize = width:400 height:500 PlotArea = width:350 height:450 left:50 bottom:50 Legend = columns:3 left:50 top:25 columnwidth:50

DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1945 till:2004 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:4 start:1945

there is no automatic collision detection,
so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Colors=

 id:SPÖ  value:red    legend:SPÖ
 id:ÖVP  value:gray(0.25) legend:ÖVP

Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar Define $dy = -4 # adjust height

PlotData=

 bar:CP color:red width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:S

 from:1945  till:1957 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Adolf Schärf
 from:1957  till:1967 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Bruno Pittermann
 from:1967  till:1983 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Bruno Kreisky
 from:1983  till:1988 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Fred Sinowatz
 from:1988  till:1997 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Franz Vranitzky
 from:1997  till:2000 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Viktor Klima
 from:2000  till:end shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Alfred Gusenbauer

 bar:Govern. color:red width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:7

 from:1945  till:1946 shift:($dx,-2)    color:SPÖ    text:Renner
 from:1946  till:1949 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Figl I
 from:1949  till:1952 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Figl II
 from:1952  till:1953 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Figl III
 from:1953  till:1956 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Raab I
 from:1956  till:1959 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Raab II
 from:1959  till:1960 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Raab III
 from:1960  till:1961 shift:($dx,-2)    color:ÖVP    text:Raab IV
 from:1961  till:1963 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Gorbach I
 from:1963  till:1964 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Gorbach II
 from:1964  till:1966 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Klaus I
 from:1966  till:1970 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Klaus II
 from:1970  till:1971 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Kreisky I
 from:1971  till:1975 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Kreisky II
 from:1975  till:1979 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Kreisky III
 from:1979  till:1983 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Kreisky IV
 from:1983  till:1986 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Sinowatz
 from:1986  till:1987 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Vranitzky I
 from:1987  till:1990 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Vranitzky II
 from:1990  till:1994 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Vranitzky III
 from:1994  till:1996 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Vranitzky IV
 from:1996  till:1997 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Vranitzky V
 from:1997  till:2000 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:SPÖ    text:Klima
 from:2000  till:2003 shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Schüssel I
 from:2003  till:end shift:($dx,$dy)    color:ÖVP    text:Schüssel II

</timeline>

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