Tackle (football)
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Most forms of football have a move known as a tackle. In most cases this move is one that prevents an opposing player from carrying out what they intend.
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Name Orgin
In Middle Dutch, the verb tacken meant "to grab" or to "handle". By the 1300s, this had inspired a new use in sailing, referring to rigging, equipment, or gear used on ships. By the 1700s, a similar use was applied to harnesses or equipment used with horses. Modern use in football comes from the earlier sport of rugby, where the word was used in the 1800s.
American Football
In American football and Canadian football to tackle is to physically interfere with the forward progress of a player in possession of the ball, such that his forward progress ceases and is not resumed, or such that he is caused to touch some part of his body to the ground other than his feet or hands, or such that he is forced to go out of bounds. In any such case, the ball becomes dead, the down is over, and play ceases until the beginning of the next play. A tackle is known as a quarterback sack when the quarterback is tackled behind the line of scrimmage. Tackle is also the name of player positions on both the offensive and defensive teams. Usually there is a left and right tackle on each team.
Rugby Football
In Rugby League a tackle is completed when a player's ball-carrying arm touches the ground at the same time as an opponent has some contact with his body, or when one or more opponents hold a player on his feet so that his momentum (in any direction) ceases, or simply if the referee calls held. If necessary, the tackled player is then allowed to regain his feet; play continues by means of a play-the-ball.
In Rugby Union the tackle is similar to Rugby League, the tackled player must release the ball, but the ball is not dead and a ruck forms to contest possession of it. Also, players cannot be tackled standing up: they must either be brought to the ground or a maul forms.
Australian Rules Football
In Australian Rules (Aussie Rules) the tackle is again similar. However if the tackled player does not dispose of the ball having had opportunity to do so (called the holding the ball rule), or concedes a penalty in the tackle (i.e. tries to throw the ball when you are only allowed to "handball" or kick it) the tackler is rewarded with a free kick by the umpire. A tackle must not make contact above the shoulders or below the knees. Players wear little to no padding to cushion the impact of tackles. There are also rules outlawing pushing in the back making tackling more difficult. In addition to tackling, the bump or hip and shoulder is a legal aussie rules tactic for both dispossession of the player with the ball and also impeding players involved in a contest but not in possession of the ball. The difference between a bump and a tackle is that arms are not used in a bump, which must be made side-on using the hip or shoulder.
International Rules Football
A hybrid game between Gaelic Football (which does not allow tackling, but does allow bumping) and Australian rules football (which does allow tackling). Tackling in International Rules is subject to similar rules as Australian rules football, although tackling is only allowed as low as the waist in International Rules, whereas it is allowed down to the knees in Aussie Rules.
Association Football (soccer)
In Association Football (soccer) a player tackles an opponent by taking control of the ball from them. This is achieved by using either leg to wrest possession from the opponent, or to slide in to kick the ball away. The target of the tackle should always be the ball, otherwise it may be deemed as illegal by the referee (depending on whether a player makes contact with his opponent before the ball, or makes unfair contact with the player after playing the ball). If a tackle is deemed legal then play continues. Tackles with the use of both legs (rather than just one of them) are often called foul.
Types of Tackles
- spear tackle (dangeous throw) - rugby league, rugby union & Australian rules
- slide tackle - football (soccer)
- high tackle (illegal head high tackle) - rugby league & Australian rules
- ankle tap - rugby unionde:Tackling