Dayton Agreement
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Template:Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, i.e. the Dayton Agreement or Dayton Accords (or even Dayton-Paris Agreement') is the name of the peace agreement reached at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. These accords put an end to the three and a half years of (Bosnian War), one of the armed conflicts in the former Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia.
The negotiations were initiated following the unsuccessful previous peace efforts and arrangements, the August 1995 Croatian military Operation Storm and its aftermath, the Bosniak-Croat military offensive against the Republika Srpska, in concert with NATO's Operation Deliberate Force, i.e the bombardment of the Bosnian Serb military. It was also held in the shadow of the massacre in the Srebrenica safe zone, and the indictments against the main military and government leaders of Bosnian Serbs before the ICTY. During September and October 1995 the international community (especially the USA and Russia), gathered in the Contact Group, applied intense pressure to the leaders of the three sides to attend the negotiations in Dayton, Ohio.
The conference took place from November 1 to November 21, 1995. The main participants from the region were Serbian President Slobodan Milošević (representing the Bosnian Serb interests due to absence of Karadzic), Croatian President Franjo Tuđman, and Bosnian President Alija Izetbegović with Bosnian Foreign Minister Muhamed "Mo" Sacirbey. The peace conference was chaired by American negotiator Richard Holbrooke with two Co-Chairman in the form of EU Special Representative Carl Bildt and the First Deputy Foreign Minister of Russia Igor Ivanov. A key participant in the US delegation was General Wesley Clark (later to become NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) in 1997). The UK military representative was Col Arundell David Leakey (later to become Commander of EUFOR in 2005).
The secure site was chosen in a bid to curb the participants' ability to negotiate in the media rather than at the bargaining table. In a far-from-subtle hint of the consequences should agreement not be reached, early in the talks a dinner for the participants was held in a hangar at the nearby U.S. Air Force Museum.
After having been initialed in Dayton, Ohio on November 21, 1995 the full and formal agreement was signed in Paris, France, on December 14, 1995 <ref>Template:Cite web</ref> also by French President Jacques Chirac, U.S. President Bill Clinton, UK Prime Minister John Major, German Chancellor Helmut Kohl and Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin. It should be noted that official name of the Dayton Agreement is therefore the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (GFAP) or the Paris Protocol.
The present political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina and its structure of government were agreed upon as part the constitution that makes up Annex 4 of the General Framework Agreement concluded at Dayton. A key component of this was the delineation of the Inter-Entity Boundary Line, to which many of the tasks listed in the Annexes referred.
The agreement mandated a wide range of international organizations to monitor, oversee, and implement components of the agreement. The NATO-led IFOR (Implementation Force) was responsible for implementing military aspects of the agreement and deployed on the 20th December 1995, taking over the forces of the UNPROFOR.
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bg:Дейтънско споразумение bs:Daytonski mirovni sporazum de:Dayton-Vertrag es:Acuerdos de Dayton fr:Accords de Dayton hr:Daytonski sporazum id:Perjanjian Dayton it:Accordo di Dayton nl:Verdrag van Dayton pl:Układ z Dayton sl:Daytonski sporazum sr:Дејтонски споразум sv:Daytonavtalet