ISO 12207
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ISO 12207 is an ISO standard for software life cycle processes.
Standard ISO 12207 establishes a process of life cycle for software, including processes and activities applied during the acquisition and configuration of the services of the system. The standard have the main objective of supplying a common structure so that the buyers, suppliers, developers, mantainers, operators, managers and technicians involved with the software development use a common language. This common language is established in the form of well defined processes. The structure of the standard was conceived in a flexible, modular way so it can be adapted to the necessities of whoever uses it. To accomplish this, the standard is based on two basic principles: modularity and responsibility. Modularity means processes with minimum coupling and maximum cohesion. Responsibility means to establish a responsible for each process, facilitating the application of the standard in projects where many people can be legally involved. As cited before, the standard is composed by a set of processes, activities and tasks that can be adapted according to the software project. These processes are classified in three types: basic, for support and organizational. The support and organizational processes must exist independently of the organization and the project being executed. The basic processes are instantiated according to the situation.
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