Acrylic acid

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Acrylic acid
Image:Acrylic-acid-skeletal.png
General
Systematic name	2-Propenoic acid
Other names	Acroleic acid Ethylenecarboxylic acid Propene acid Propenoic acid Vinylformic acid
Molecular formula	CH₂=CHCOOH
SMILES	C=CC(=O)O
Molar mass	72.06 g/mol
Appearance	clear, colorless liquid
CAS number	[79-10-7]
Properties
Density and phase	1.051 g/ml, liquid
Solubility in water	Unlimited
Other solvents: ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform	Fully miscible
Melting point	12 °C (285 K)
Boiling point	139 °C (412 K)
Acidity (pK_a)	4.25
Viscosity	1.3 cP at 20 °C
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	Corrosive (C), Dangerous for the environment (N)
NFPA 704	Template:Nfpa
Flash point	46 °C
R-phrases	Template:R10, Template:R20/21/22, Template:R35, Template:R50
S-phrases	Template:S26, Template:S36/37/39, Template:S45, Template:S61
RTECS number	AS4375000
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related Carboxylic acids	Methacrylic acid
Related compounds	Acryloyl chloride Acrylamide
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Acrylic acid or 2-propenoic acid is a chemical compound (formula C₃H₄O₂) and it is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid with both a double bond and a carboxyl group linked to its C3. In its pure form, acrylic acid is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers and chloroform. Acrylic acid is produced from propylene, a gaseous byproduct of oil refineries.

Acrylic acid undergoes the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid and, when reacted with an alcohol, it will form the corresponding ester. The esters and salts of acrylic acid are collectively known as acrylates (or propenoates). The most common alkyl esters of acrylic acid are methyl-, butyl-, ethyl- and 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.

Acrylic acid and its esters readily combine with themselves or other monomers (e.g amides, acrylonitrile, vinyl, styrene and butadiene) by reacting at their double bond, forming homopolymers or copolymers which are used in the manufacture of various plastics, coatings, adhesives, elastomers as well as floor polishes and paints.