List of cryptographers

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See also: Category:Cryptographers for an exhaustive list.

Pre twentieth century

• Charles Babbage, UK, 19th century mathematician who, about the time of the Crimean War, secretly developed an effective attack against polyalphabetic substitution ciphers.
• Leone Battista Alberti, polymath/universal genius, inventor of polyalphabetic substitution, and what may have been the first mechanical encryption aid.
• Giovanni Battista della Porta, author of a seminal work on cryptanalysis.
• Julius Caesar, Roman general/politician, has the Caesar cipher is named after him, and a lost work on cryptography by Probus (probably Valerius Probus) is claimed to have covered his use of military cryptography in some detail. It is likely that he did not invent the cipher named after him, as other substitution ciphers were in use well before his time.
• Friedrich Kasiski, author of the first published attack on the Vigenère cipher, now known as the Kasiski test.
• Auguste Kerckhoffs, known for contributing cipher design principles.
• Johannes Trithemius, mystic and first to describe tableaux (tables) for use in polyalphabetic substitution. Wrote an early work on steganography and cryptography generally.
• Philips van Marnix, lord of Sint-Aldegonde, deciphered Spanish messages for William the Silent during the Dutch revolt against the Spanish.
• Sir Charles Wheatstone, inventor or the so-called Playfair cipher and general polymath.

WWI and WWII Wartime Cryptographers

• Alistair Denniston, UK, director of GC&CS at Bletchley Park during WWII.
• Nigel de Grey, UK, Room 40, played an important role in the decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram during WWI
• William F. Friedman, US, introduced statistical methods into cryptography.
• Solomon Kullback, US, SIS.
• Dillwyn Knox, UK, Room 40 and GC&CS, broke commercial Enigma cipher.
• Leo Marks, UK, SOE cryptography director.
• Marian Rejewski: Poland, first broke German Enigma ciphers in December, 1932.
• John Joseph Rochefort, US, made major contributions to the break into JN-25 after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
• Frank Rowlett, US, SIS, leader of the team that broke Purple.
• Jerzy Różycki: Poland, helped break German Enigma ciphers.
• Laurance Safford, US, chief cryptographer for the US Navy for 2 decades+, including WWII.
• Abraham Sinkov, US, SIS.
• John Tiltman, UK, Bletchley Park and GCHQ.
• Alan Mathison Turing, UK, Bletchley Park, a chief cryptographer and renowned computer scientist.
• William Tutte, UK, Bletchley Park, broke Lorenz SZ 40/42 encryption machine (codenamed Tunny) using the Colossus computer.
• Gordon Welchman, UK, head of Bletchley Park's Hut Six (German Army and Air Force cipher decryption).
• Herbert Yardley, US, MI8, author "The American Black Chamber".
• Henryk Zygalski: Poland, helped break German Enigma ciphers.

Other pre-computer

• Elizebeth Friedman, US, Coast Guard and US Treasury Department cryptographer.
• Claude Elwood Shannon, US, founder of information theory, proved the one-time pad to be unbreakable.

Modern

See also: Category:Modern cryptographers for an exhaustive list.

Symmetric-key algorithm inventors

• Ross Anderson, UK, University of Cambridge, inventor of the Serpent cipher.
• Paulo S. L. M. Barreto, Brazilian, co-inventor of the Whirlpool hash function.
• George Blakley, US, independent inventor of secret sharing.
• Joan Daemen, Belgian, co-developer of Rijndael which became the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
• Horst Feistel, US, IBM, namesake of Feistel networks.
• Lars Knudsen, Denmark
• Ralph Merkle, US, inventor of Merkle trees.
• Bart Preneel, Belgian, co-inventor of RIPEMD-160.
• Vincent Rijmen, Belgian, co-developer of Rijndael which became the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
• Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, inventor of RC cipher series and MD algorithm series.
• Adi Shamir, Israel, Weizmann Institute, inventor of secret sharing.

Asymmetric-key algorithm inventors

• Leonard Adleman, US, USC, the 'A' in RSA.
• David Chaum, US, inventor of blind signatures.
• Whitfield Diffie, US, (public) co-inventor of the Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol.
• Taher Elgamal, US (born Egyptian), inventor of the Elgamal discrete log cryptosystem.
• Shafi Goldwasser, US and Israel, MIT and Weizmann Institute, co-discoverer of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Martin Hellman, US, (public) co-inventor of the Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol.
• Neal Koblitz, independent co-creator of elliptic curve cryptography.
• Alfred Menezes, co-inventor of MQV, an elliptic curve technique.
• Silvio Micali, US (born Italian), MIT, co-discoverer of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Victor Miller, independent co-creator of elliptic curve cryptography.
• Michael O. Rabin, inventor of Rabin encryption
• Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, the 'R' in RSA.
• Adi Shamir, Israel, Weizmann Institute, the 'S' in RSA.

Cryptanalysts

• Ross Anderson, UK
• Eli Biham, Israel
• Matt Blaze, US
• Dan Boneh, US, Stanford University
• Ian Goldberg, US
• Paul Kocher, US, discovered differential power analysis
• Mitsuru Matsui, Japan, discoverer of linear cryptanalysis
• David Wagner, US, UC Berkeley
• Xiaoyun Wang, China, known for MD5 and SHA-1 hash function attacks.

Algorithmic number theorists

• Daniel J. Bernstein, US, known for battle with US government in Bernstein v. United States
• Don Coppersmith, US

Theoreticians

• Mihir Bellare, US, UCSD, co-proposer of the Random oracle model
• Gilles Brassard, Canada, Université de Montréal. Co-inventor of quantum cryptography.
• Claude Crépeau, Canada, McGill University.
• Oded Goldreich, Israel, Weizmann Institute, author of Foundations of Cryptography.
• Shafi Goldwasser, US and Israel
• Silvio Micali, US
• Charles Rackoff, co-discoverer of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Phillip Rogaway, US, UC Davis, co-proposer of the Random oracle model.

Government cryptographers

• Clifford Cocks, UK, GCHQ, secret inventor of the algorithm later known as RSA.
• James H. Ellis, UK, GCHQ, secretly proved the possibility of asymmetric encryption.
• Malcolm Williamson, UK, GCHQ, secret inventor of the protocol later known as Diffie-Hellman.

Cryptographer businesspeople

• Bruce Schneier, US, CTO and founder of Counterpane Internet Security, Inc. and cryptography author.
• Scott Vanstone, Canada, founder of Certicom and elliptic curve cryptography proponent.

See also

• Cryptography

External links

• List of cryptographers' home pagesko:암호학자 목록

ja:暗号研究者の一覧 nl:Lijst van Cryptografen