Anagallis

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{{Taxobox | color = lightgreen | name = Anagallis | image = Scarlet pimpernel 800.jpg | image_width = 250px | image_caption = Scarlet Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis) | regnum = Plantae | divisio = Magnoliophyta | classis = Magnoliopsida | ordo = Ericales | familia = Myrsinaceae | genus = Anagallis | genus_authority = L. | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = many, see text }}

Anagallis is a genus of about 20-25 species of flowering plants in the myrsine family Myrsinaceae, commonly called pimpernel and perhaps best known for the Scarlet pimpernel referred to in literature. They were formerly classified as members of the primrose family (Primulaceae), but a study by Källersjö et al (1999; see references) showed clearly that they belong to the Myrsinaceae.

These are annual or perennial plants, growing in tufts on weedy and uncultivated areas. The stems are prostrate with ovate to cordate leaves. The flowers of the different species show miscellaneous colors. They are radially symmetrical with 5 petals. They grow usually in the leaf axils, but sometimes as short spikes at the top of the stem. Pimpernel flowers remain open only in sunshine.

Species
  • Anagallis acuminata - (Angola)
  • Anagallis alternifolia - (Chile)
  • Anagallis arvensis - Scarlet Pimpernel, Red Pimpernel (Europe; syn. A. parviflora, A. platyphylla, A. phoenicea)
  • Anagallis barbata - (Brazil)
  • Anagallis brevipes - (Tanzania)
  • Anagallis crassifolia - (Spain, Morocco)
  • Anagallis djalonis - (tropical Africa)
  • Anagallis filiformis - (Brazil)
  • Anagallis foemina - Blue Pimpernel (Europe; syn. A. caerulea)
  • Anagallis gracilipes - (Zimbabwe)
  • Anagallis hexamera - (Ethiopia, Kenya)
  • Anagallis kingaensis - (tropical Africa)
  • Anagallis minima - Chaffweed (Europe; syn. A. centunculus, Centunculus minimus)
  • Anagallis monelli - Flaxleaf Pimpernel (Mediterranean; syn. A. linifolia)
  • Anagallis nummulariifolia - (Madagascar)
  • Anagallis oligantha - (Malawi)
  • Anagallis peploides - (Madagascar)
  • Anagallis pumila - Florida Pimpernel (Americas)
  • Anagallis rubricaulis - (Madagascar)
  • Anagallis schliebenii - (Tanzania)
  • Anagallis serpens - (eastern Africa)
  • Anagallis tenella - Bog Pimpernel (Europe; syn. A. repens )
  • Anagallis tenuicaulis - (Madagascar)
  • Anagallis tsaratananae - (Madagascar)
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References and external links

  • Källersjö, M., G. Bergqvist & A. A. Anderberg. 2000. Generic realignment in primuloid families of the Ericales s. l.: a phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequences from three chloroplast genes and morphology. Amer. J. Bot. 87: 1325-1341 (available online).
  • Anagallis arvensis (Red Chickweed) King's American Dispensatory @ Henriette's Herbal
  • Pimpernel, Scarlet (Anagallis arvensis) Mrs. Grieve's "A Modern Herbal" @ Botanical.com

Blue Pimpernel (Anagallis foemina)

Scarlet Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis) - flower

Flaxleaf Pimpernel (Anagallis monelli)

Anagallis foemina from Thomé, Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885

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