Atalanta
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- For other meanings, see Atalanta (disambiguation).
Image:Guido Reni 006.jpg Atalanta (Greek:Αταλάντη, meaning "balanced") is a character from ancient Greek mythology. Her father, Schoeneus, wanted a boy so badly, that when Atalanta was born, he left her out on a mountain top. Artemis sent a female bear to suckle her and eventually a group of hunters raised her.
Years later a beast called the Calydonian Boar was stalking the land. King Oeneus sent his son Meleager to gather up heroes to hunt the Boar. Among many others, Meleager chose Atalanta, who by now was a young woman and a fierce huntress, with whom he fell in love and who returned his love.
Atalanta participated in the hunt and struck the first wound, though Meleager killed the boar. Since she had caused the first drop of blood to be shed, Meleager awarded her the hide. According to one account of the hunt, the two centaurs Hylaeus and Rhaecus tried to rape Atalanta, but Meleager killed them. Also during the hunt, Eurypylus and Iphicles insulted her, and Meleager killed them.
Toxeus and Plexippus (Meleager's maternal uncles) grew enraged that the prize was given to a woman. Meleager killed them in the ensuing argument.
Althaea, Meleager's mother, caused his death in retribution for the death of her two brothers.
The grief-strickened Atalanta sought out her father who claimed her as his offspring and wanted her to get married. Although a very beautiful maiden, Atalanta felt marriage would be a betrayal to Meleager. In order to get her a husband, her father made a deal with Atalanta that she would marry anybody who could beat her in a foot race. Anyone who tried to beat her and failed, however, would be killed. Atalanta agreed, as she could run extremely fast.
She outran many suitors, who were then executed. The suitor Hippomenes (also known as Melanion) knew that he could not win a fair race with Atalanta, but was enthralled by her beauty. Atalanta, too, found him most agreeable both physically and as a person, and so she begged him not to race her (and risk his life), but he could not be dissuaded. Hippomenes then prayed to the goddess Aphrodite for help. The goddess gave him three golden apples (in some variations the fruit was instead quince) and told him to drop them one at a time to distract Atalanta. Sure enough, she stopped running long enough to retrieve each golden apple. It took all three apples and all of his speed, but Hippomenes finally succeeded, winning the race and Atalanta's hand. Some versions hold that she used the apples as an excuse to let him win.
In some versions of the quest for the Golden Fleece, Atalanta sailed with the Argonauts as the only female among them, suffered injury in the battle at Colchis and was healed by Medea. Other authors claim Jason wouldn't allow a woman on the ship.
Atalanta bore (Ares or Meleager) a son: Parthenopeus, who participated in the campaign of the Seven Against Thebes.
Zeus (or Cybele or Rhea) turned Atalanta and Hippomenes into lions after they made love together in one of his temples. Other accounts say that Aphrodite changed them into lions because they did not give her proper honor. The belief at the time was that lions could not mate with their own species, thus Atalanta and Hippomenes would never be able to remain with one another.
Other
- Swinburne reprised the episode relating to the Calydonian boar-hunt in his verse tragedy Atalanta in Calydon.
- Atalanta is an opera by George Frideric Handel, composed in 1736.
- She was portrayed on the popular TV show Hercules: The Legendary Journeys by several time Miss Olympia Corinna Everson.
- The U.S. city of Atlanta was named after Atalanta, via Martha Atalanta Lumpkin Compton, daughter of the governor of Georgia. The HMS Atalanta was also named for Atalanta.
External links
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