Bitter orange

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For the fruit known as "Chinese Bitter Orange," see Trifoliate orange.

{{Taxobox | color = lightgreen | name = Citrus aurantium | image = Koeh-042.jpg | image_width = 240px | regnum = Plantae | divisio = Magnoliophyta | classis = Magnoliopsida | subclassis = Rosidae | ordo = Sapindales | familia = Rutaceae | genus = Citrus | species = C. aurantium | binomial = Citrus aurantium | binomial_authority = L. }}

The bitter orange, refers to a citrus tree (Citrus aurantium) and its fruit. Many varieties of bitter oranges are used for their essential oil, which is used in perfume and as a flavoring. They are also used in herbal medicine. Other names include sour orange, bigarade orange and Seville orange.

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Varieties

  • Citrus aurantium subsp. amara is a spiny evergreen tree native to southern Vietnam but widely cultivated. It is used as grafting stock for citrus trees, in marmalade, and in the liqueurs Triple sec and Curaçao. It is also cultivated for the essential oil expressed from the fruit, and for neroli oil and orange flower water, which are distilled from the flowers.
  • Seville orange is a widely-known, extremely tart orange now grown throughout the Mediterranean region. It has a thick, dimpled skin and is prized for making marmalade and for orange-flavored liqueurs. It is the orange used in Canard à l'orange (Duck in orange sauce).
  • Bergamot orange, C. aurantium subsp. bergamia is cultivated in Italy for the production of bergamot oil, a component of many brands of perfume and tea.
  • Chinotto, from the myrtle-leaved orange tree, C. aurantium var. myrtifolia, native to Italy
  • Yuzu or yuja (formerly Citrus junos), a variety used for culinary and medicinal purposes in Japan and Korea.
  • Daidai, C. aurantium var. daidai, used in Chinese medicine and Japanese New Year celebrations.

The extract of bitter orange has been used in dietary supplements as an aid to fat loss and as an appetite suppressant.de:Bitterorange fr:Bigaradier it:Citrus aurantium nl:Zure sinaasappel pl:Pomarańcza gorzka fi:Pomeranssi sv:Pomerans

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