Coalition
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A coalition is an alliance between entities, during which they cooperate in joint action, each in their own self-interest. This alliance may be temporary or a matter of convenience. A coalition thus differs from a more formal covenant.
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Politics and government
A coalition government, in a parliamentary system, is a government composed of a coalition of parties. In Australia, the Coalition is also used to refer to an alliance (coalition agreement) of three parties (the Liberals, Nationals and Country Liberals) existing in federal politics since 1922- this constitutes a parliamentary coalition.
In international relations, a coalition can be an ad hoc grouping of nations united for a specific purpose. Sometimes, such groups are diverse and are characterized by some degree of commonalities. Sometimes, the degree of uncommonalities would lead some to perceive the group's bond as being ordinarily unlikely; here it can indicate the fact the historical ties may no longer be in operation, and the coalition members, instead, are joined by a new intention, not necessarily prior bonds.
Military
In military usage, coalition is used to refer to any operation involving more than one country unified under a single command. The phrase "Coalition of the Willing" was employed during the 2003 war in Iraq lead by the United States and its allies [1].
Mathematics
Coalitions can be studied as games. The Nash equilibrium defines conditions where rational players can benefit other players in the coalition.
Computer science
In the computer field, and in the study of cognition, the entities can be called agents or daemons. By definition, agents can form coalitions.
Fiction
Image:Klingon DSF.jpgImage:Rihansu.jpgImage:Lyran.jpg
In the fictional Star Fleet Universe as represented in the range of games from Amarillo Design Bureau Inc. as well as the first two Star Fleet Command games (and the Orion Pirates stand-alone addon for Starfleet Command II) from Taldren, the Coalition is the alliance of the Klingon Empire and the Lyran Star Empire - eventually also including the Romulan Star Empire - which fought together against the Alliance in the General War, the Klingons and Lyrans having been allied in the previous Four Powers War from Y158-Y162.
See also
- Axelrod's book, The Evolution of Cooperation
- united front
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