Demographics of the Soviet Union
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| Image:USSR Population 1974.jpg |
| Image:USSR Ethnic Groups 1974.jpg |
| Image:Soviet Union demography.png |
This articles details the demographics of the Soviet Union.
Population:
| January 1897 (Russia): | 129,200,000*** |
| 1911(Russia): | 167,003,000** |
| January 1920 : | 137,727,000* |
| January 1926 : | 148,656,000* |
| January 1937: | 162,500,000* |
| January 1939: | 168,524,000* |
| June 1941: | 196,716,000* |
| January 1946: | 170,548,000* |
| January 1951: | 182,321,000* |
| January 1959: | 209,035,000* |
| January 1970: | 241,720,000 |
| 1985: | 272,000,000 |
| July 1991: | 293,047,571 |
* Andreev, EM, et al, Naselenie Sovetskogo Soiuza, 1922-1991. Moscow, Nauka, 1993. ISBN 5-02-013479-1
The U.S.S.R. lost territories with about 30 million inhabitants after World War One (Poland 18 mil; Finland 3 mil; Romania 3 mil; the Baltic states 5 mil and Kars to Turkey 400 thous.).
Population of June 1941 includes 20,270,000 in territories annexed by USSR in 1939-45 net of population transfers.( Poland 10 mil; Baltic States 5.6 mil; Romania 3.8 mil; Czechoslovakia 700 thous. and Tuva 100 thous.)
World War Two Losses were 26.6 million including an increase in infant mortality of 1.3 million, total war losses includes territories annexed by USSR in 1939-45.
**Data from Statoids webpage[1].
***Russian Empire Census (1897)
See History of the Soviet Union.
Population growth rate: 0.7% (1991) <p>Birth rate: 17 births/1,000 population (1991) <p>Death rate: 10 deaths/1,000 population (1991) <p>Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991) <p>Infant mortality rate: 23 deaths/1,000 live births (1991) <p>Life expectancy at birth: 65 years male, 74 years female (1991) <p>Total fertility rate: 2.4 children born/woman (1991) <p>Ethnic groups: The Soviet Union was one of the world's most ethnically diverse countries, with more than 100 distinct national ethnicities living within its borders. <p>Ethnic divisions: Russians 50.78%, Ukrainians 15.45%, Uzbeks 5.84%, Belarusians 3.51%, Kazakhs 2.85%, Azeris 2.38%, Armenians 1.62%, Tajik 1.48%, Georgians 1.39%, Moldovans 1.17%, Lithuanians 1.07%, Turkmen 0.95%, Kirghiz 0.89%, Latvians 0.51%, Estonians 0.36%, other 9.75% <p>Religion: Russian Orthodox 20%, Muslim 10%, Protestant, Georgian Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox, and Roman Catholic 7%, Jewish less than 1%, atheist 60% (est.) <p>Language: Russian (official); more than 200 languages and dialects (at least 18 with more than 1 million speakers); Slavic group 75%, other Indo-European 8%, Altaic 12%, Uralian 3%, Caucasian 2% <p>Literacy: 98% (male 99%, female 97%) age 15 and over can read and write (1989) <p>Labor force: 152,300,000 civilians; industry and other nonagricultural fields 80%, agriculture 20%; shortage of skilled labor (1989).
See also
References
- CIA World Factbook 1991 - most figures.
- J. A. Newth: The 1970 Soviet Census, Soviet Studies vol. 24, issue 2 (October 1972) pp. 200-222. - Population figures from 1897 - 1970.
- The Russian State Archive of the Economy: Soviet Censuses of 1937 and 1939 - Population figures for 1937 and 1939. http://www.library.yale.edu/slavic/census3739.html
- Eric Hobsbawm: Age of Extremes, 1994 -
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