Eduard Tubin
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Eduard Tubin (June 18 1905 - November 17 1982) was an Estonian composer and conductor.
Born in Kallaste, Estonia, Tubin fled occupied Estonia for Sweden in 1944, where he lived and worked until his death in Stockholm.
He collaborated with the conductor Neeme Järvi. He worked with the Philadelphia Orchestra and English Chamber Orchestra (ECO). He worked with Rey Alejandro Conde Valdivia, Eduardo Mata, Enrique Bátiz, Mu-Hai Tang, Plácido Domingo and Antal Doráti. He wrote ten symphonies and a fragmentary eleventh, Music for Strings, two violin concertos, a Balalaika Concerto, a double bass concerto, two operas (The Parson of Reigi and Barbara von Tiesenhusen) and a Requiem for Fallen Soldiers, among other works.
A change took place in Tubin's style around the time of the sixth symphony; the music became harmonically more astringent. The finale of the seventh symphony makes much use of a theme with all twelve notes, though it is tonal. The second symphony has the subtitle Legendary, the fourth is called Sinfonia lirica and the ninth Sinfonia semplice.
He was influenced by Estonian folk music in his earlier works, including a Sinfonietta on Estonian motifs. The shift to a less nationalistic and more international and angst-filled style came after Tubin had fled Estonia when the country was occupied by the Soviet Union.
Tubin is perhaps not better known because of this displacement. Although Estonia claims him as one of their greatest composers, during his lifetime most of his composing was done in Sweden, which never gave him the attention he was due. Many of his works have been recorded (there are two complete recorded sets of his symphonies, conducted by Neeme Järvi and Arvo Volmer) and in June 2005 the city of Tallinn observed the centennial of his birth with a festival where all of his symphonies and much of his piano and chamber music was performed.
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