Table football

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(Redirected from Foosball)

Image:Baby foot artlibre jnl.jpg Table football is a table-top game based on football (soccer), and invented by Alejandro Finisterre, an editor and poet from Galicia, Spain.

1 Origins
2 The game
3 Competition
4 Tables
5 Robots
6 Television and Film
7 See also
8 External links

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Origins

Alejandro Finisterre was injured during one of the fascist bombings of Madrid during the Spanish civil war. Seeing many children injured like himself in the hospital (i.e., unable to play football), he thought of the idea, which was born from the concept of table tennis. Finistere credits his friend Francisco Javier Altuna, a Basque carpenter, for making the first table football device following the directions he gave him. Although the invention was patented in 1937, Finisterre had to escape from the fascist coup d'état to France, and he lost the papers of the patent in a storm.

Table football is also known in the US as foosball (from the German fußball: literally "football" in the European sense, or "soccer" in American English). In German itself it is called kicker or tischfußball. The Spanish for table football is futbolín. In Iran it is called Futball Dasti In Argentina, the name is metegol. In France, the game is called Baby-foot. In Turkey it is called langırt, the onomatopoeic word describing the sound when playing. In Italy, its name is calcio balilla, calcetto, or biliardino. In Chile, it goes by the name of taca-taca. In Mexico, it is often called fútbolito. In Portugal, it goes by the name of matraquilhos, or matrecos. It is known as Jitz or gettone in Toronto, Canada . In Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia, it goes under the name of karambol, as well as stolni nogomet in Croatia only. In Bulgaria, it is known by the name джага or джаги.

**Table Football In Different Languages**
Region	Language	Translation	Etymology
United States	English	foosball	from German fußball (meaning football as in soccer)
Canada (Toronto)	French	Jitz; gettone
France	French	Baby-foot
Germany	German	kicker; tischfußball	German for table football
The Netherlands	Dutch	tafelvoetbal
Italy	Italian	calcio balilla; calcetto; biliardino
Portugal	Portugese	matraquilhos; matrecos
Spain	Spanish	futbolín
Mexico	Spanish	fútbolito
Argentina	Spanish	metegol
Chile	Spanish	taca-taca
Bosnia	Bosnian	karambol
Croatia	Croatian	karambol; stolni nogomet
Serbia	Serbian	karambol
Bulgaria	Bulgarian	джага; джаги
Turkey	Turkish	langırt	onomatopoeic word describing sound when playing
Iran	Farsi	Futball Dasti

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The game

To start play, the ball is served through a hole at the side of the table. Players attempt to use figures mounted on rotating bars to kick the ball into the opponent's goal. A ball may travel at speeds up to 75 mph (120 km/h) in competition. Most of the time it is hard to even see the ball because it travels in a blur. The sport/game/simulation requires quick reflexes with a delicate touch using the player's fine tuned motor skills, control and knowledge.

The basics include 'passing' the ball, where you have the ball in your possession with one bar, and pass it to another bar, and 'shooting', where you find a hole in the defense and attempt to score.

The winner is determined when one team scores a predetermined number of goals, say 3 or 11. A two-goal victory is most often required. In competition, every ball that enters the goal is counted, unless the player or players on the scoring team broke a rule during the play. Large events have referees that determine the infractions and penalties.

Foosball tables can vary in size, but a typical table is about 4 ft (120 cm) long and 2 ft (60 cm) wide. The table usually contains 8 rows of "foos-men", which are plastic, metal, wooden, or sometimes carbon-fiber figures mounted on horizontal metal bars. Each team of 1, 2, or 3 human players controls 4 rows of foos-men.

The arrangement of the foosballers is standard. Looking from left to right on one side of the table, you see:

Row 1	Your goalie	1 foosman (sometimes 3)
Row 2	Your defense	2 foosmen
Row 3	Opponent's attack	3 foosmen
Row 4	Your midfield	5 foosmen (sometimes 4)
Row 5	Opponent's midfield	5 foosmen (sometimes 4)
Row 6	Your attack	3 foosmen
Row 7	Opponent's defense	2 foosmen
Row 8	Opponent's goalie	1 foosman (sometimes 3)

Foosball strategy varies greatly. With teams of one human each, it is impossible for each person to control all four rows of foosmen simultaneously. Some players keep the left hand always on the goalie or defensemen and move the right hand among the other three rows. More aggressive players may take up an attack with the offense and midfield, leaving the goalie unattended.

With practice, it is possible to learn very fast "set-piece" moves, including the "snake", "pull-shot" and "front-pin". The pull shot is where you position the ball near the top of the oppositions goal. Then you pull your bar, which moves the ball downwards, and you aim for the hole or corner that is no longer guarded. The snake and front-pin both involve pinning the ball, or clamping the ball with your men. That way one can sway either direction.

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Competition

Foosball is often played for fun in pubs, bars, workplaces, schools, and clubs with few rules. "House rules" often include a ban on spinning your foosmen, so one's hand must maintain continuous contact with the handle. And also the off-The-Feed rule, where if the ball is scored before it touches a player or bank the goal is given to the team who had been scored upon.

Foosball is also played in official competitions organized by a number of national organizations. Organized competition can be traced back to the 1940's and 50's in Europe. But the professional tours and bigtime money events began when the founding father of modern professional table soccer, Lee Peppard of Seattle, Washington, USA announced a QUARTER MILLION DOLLAR TOUR in 1975. Peppard went on to award several million dollars in prize monies and since his Tournament Soccer Organization went out of business in 1981 several orgs and promoters have continued holding large purse professional table soccer events worldwide. An international organization named ITSF (International Table Soccer Federation) was established in August 2002 to bring together all of them, as well as organizing World Championships.

Numerous local leagues exist around the world and there are huge differences in levels of skill between "pub" players and "tournament" players. A National League involving pub teams and University sides has recently been set up in the UK, and on an international level the ITSF World Cup takes part this year on a variety of ITSF-sanctioned tables in Germany to coincide with the FIFA World Cup. The USA and Germany are generally considered joint favourites to win this event.

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Tables

Image:Foosball garlando aerial.jpg A vast number of different tables exist. The table brands used on the world tour and official ITSF tournaments are "French-style" Bonzini, "American-style" Tornado, "Italian-style" Roberto-Sport, "Belgian-style" Eurosoccer/Wood (Jupiter/ABC). Other major brands include Kicker, Garlando, Löwen-Soccer, Warrior, Lehmacher, Leonhart, Smoby and many more. There was also a 7-meter table created by artist Maurizio Cattelan for a piece called Stadium. It takes 11 players to a side.

Differences in the table types have great influence on the playing styles. Most tables have one goalie whose movements are restricted to the goal area. On some of these tables the goalie becomes unable to get the ball once it is stuck out of reach in the corner; others have sloped corners to return the ball. Other tables have three goalies, one in the center and one in each corner to reach the ball so sloped corners aren't needed. Another major difference is found in the balls, which can be made of cork, plastic or even marble and metal, varying the speed of shots a great deal, as well as the "grip" between the man and the ball.

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Robots

Robots designed to play table football by roboticists at the University of Freiburg are claimed to be able to beat 85 percent of casual players. They use a camera from below a transparent table base to track the ball, and an electronic control system to control high torque motors to rotate and move the foosmen. Currently an expert player can beat the robot 10 games to 1. [1]. Foosbot is another foosball robot that currently claims to have never been beaten by a human.

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Television and Film

Appearances of Foosball tables and play in feature films and television series

Long Shot (USA, 1981) Feature movie of a Foosball Championships starring 70's teen idol Leif Garrett. Also features an "over-the-top" ("Rainbow Shot") foosball stunt double closeup by pro Johnny Lott
Il Postino (1994, Italy) A female character flirts with the protagonist while playing foosball.
Dazed and Confused (film) (1993, USA) Features a long scene in a foosball and billiards parlor.
Notting Hill (film) (1999, USA) A stored foosball table is visible in Hugh Grant's character's flat
Friends (USA NBC 1994-2004). The show featured a Dynamo table in earlier seasons, and later a Tornado (Valley) brand table, the latter which is the standard competition table on the pro circuit in the USA. The stars of the show were also reported to play the game frequently. The foosball table is originally purchased in 1.12, "The One With The Dozen Lasagnas," when Joey and Chandler purchase it instead of a kitchen table, and Monica beats the boys at the game. It is stolen in 4.02, and another (The Tornado with green playfield, black & yellow men, and marbled sides) is purchased by Chandler in 4.07. friends-tv.org's FAQ claims a third table was used as a stunt table in 6.06, to depict a collapsed leg in the episode where Chandler fails to let Joey win at the game. The table is destroyed by Monica in the series finale, 10.18, The Last One, in order to rescue two pet fowl, Chick Jr. and Duck Jr., who were lost in the table by Joey. Other episodes that feature the table are 2.16, The One Where Joey Moves Out, and The One with the Prom Video with guest star Tom Selleck.
Cheers "Achilles Hill" (Season 9, Episode 13, Original Air Date 1991-01-10) Carla believes the foosball table is possessed. [2]