Homo ergaster
From Free net encyclopedia
| Homo ergaster{{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{{status}}}
| se|SECURE|Secure|secure=Conservation status: Secure | dom|DOMESTICATED|Domesticated|domesticated=Conservation status: Domesticated | data|DD|DATA=Conservation status: Data deficient | lr=Conservation status: Lower risk | lc|LR/LC|LR/lc|lr/lc|LRLC|LRlc|lrlc=Conservation status: Lower risk (lc) | LR/nt|lr/nt|LRNT|LRnt|lrnt|NT|nt=Conservation status: Lower risk (nt) | LR/cd|lr/cd|LRCD|LRcd|lrcd=Conservation status: Lower risk (cd) | vu=Conservation status: Vulnerable | en=Conservation status: Endangered | cr=Conservation status: Critical | ew=Conservation status: Extinct in the wild | ex|EXTINCT|Extinct|extinct=Conservation status: Extinct{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}| ({{{extinct}}}) }} | Fossil|fossil=Conservation status: Fossil | pre=Conservation status: Prehistoric | Text|TEXT=Conservation status: See text | {{{status}}} }}}}Template:Subtext}|contents=Fossil range: {{{fossil_range|}}} }} |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| }}}|[[image:{{{image}}}|{{{image_width|200px}}}|{{{image_caption|}}}]] {{{image_caption|}}} }}{{#if:{{{image2|}}}|[[image:{{{image2}}}|{{{image2_width|200px}}}|{{{image2_caption|}}}]]{{{image2_caption|}}} }}
| ||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| {{{diversity|}}}Template:Section}|color=pink|contents=Binomial name}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents=†Homo ergaster {{{binomial_authority|}}}}}Template:Section}|color=pink|contents=Trinomial name}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial}}} {{{trinomial_authority|}}}}}Template:Section}|color=pink|contents=Type Genus}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{type_genus}}} {{{type_genus_authority|}}}}}Template:Section}|color=pink|contents=Type Species}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{type_species}}} {{{type_species_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map}}}|{{{range_map_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map_caption|}}}]] {{{range_map_caption|}}} }}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial2}}}{{{binomial2_authority|}}}}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial2}}} {{{trinomial2_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map2|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map2}}}|{{{range_map2_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map2_caption|}}}]] {{{range_map2_caption|}}} }}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial3}}}{{{binomial3_authority|}}}}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial3}}} {{{trinomial3_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map3|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map3}}}|{{{range_map3_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map3_caption|}}}]] {{{range_map3_caption|}}} }}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{binomial4}}}{{{binomial4_authority|}}}}}Template:Row}|style=style="text-align:center;"|contents={{{trinomial4}}} {{{trinomial4_authority|}}}}}{{#if:{{{range_map4|}}}|<tr><td>[[image:{{{range_map4}}}|{{{range_map4_width|200px}}}|{{{range_map4_caption|}}}]] {{{range_map4_caption|}}} }}Template:Section}|color=pink|contents={{{subdivision_ranks}}}}}
| ||||||||||||||||
|
|
Homo ergaster ("working man") is an extinct hominid species (or subspecies, according to some authorities) which lived throughout eastern and southern Africa between 1.9 to 1.4 million years ago with the advent of the lower Pleistocene and the cooling of the global climate.
H. ergaster is sometimes categorized as a subspecies of Homo erectus. It is currently in contention whether H. ergaster or the later, Asian H. erectus was the direct ancestor of modern humans. H. ergaster may be distinguished from H. erectus by its thinner skull bones and lack of an obvious sulcus. Derived features include reduced sexual dimorphism, a smaller more orthognathic face, a smaller dental arcade, and a larger (700 and 850cc) cranial capacity. It is estimated that H. ergaster stood at 1.9m (6ft) tall with relatively less sexual dimorphism in comparison to earlier hominins. Remains have been found in Tanzania, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa.
The most complete Homo ergaster skeleton ever discovered was made at Lake Turkana, Kenya in 1984. Paleanthropologists' Richard Leakey, Kimoya Kimeu and Tim White dubbed the 1.6 million year old specimen as KNM-WT 15000 (nicknamed "Turkana Boy").
The type specimen of H. ergaster is KNM-ER 992Template:Ref; the species was named by Groves and Mazak in 1975.
The species name originates from the Greek ergaster meaning "Workman". This name was chosen due to the discovery of various tools such as hand-axes and cleavers near the skeletal remains of H. ergaster. This is one of the reasons that it is sometimes set apart distinctly from other human ancestors. Its use of advanced (rather than simple) tools was unique to this species; H. ergaster tool use belongs to the Acheulean industry. H. ergaster first began using these tools 1.6 million years ago. Charred animal bones in fossil deposits and traces of camps suggest that the species made creative use of fire.
Reference
- Tattersall, Ian and Schwartz, Jeffrey. "Extinct Humans". Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado and Cumnor Hill, Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0-8133-3482-9 (hc)
External link
Footnote
- Template:NoteKNM-ER 992 is short for: Kenya National Museum (where it is housed); East Rudolf (where it was found); and 992 (the museum acquisition number)
Template:Human Evolutionast:Homo ergaster ca:Homo ergaster de:Homo ergaster es:Homo ergaster fi:Homo ergaster fr:Homo ergaster it:Homo ergaster lb:Homo ergaster nl:Homo ergaster ja:ホモ・エルガステル pl:Homo ergaster pt:Homo ergaster