LINPACK
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LINPACK is a software library for performing numerical linear algebra on digital computers. It was written in Fortran by Jack Dongarra, Jim Bunch, Cleve Moler, and Pete Stewart. Designed for use on supercomputers in the 1970s and early 1980s, it has been largely superseded by LAPACK, which will run more efficiently on modern architectures.
LINPACK makes use of the BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) libraries for performing basic vector and matrix operations.
The LINPACK Benchmark is based on LINPACK, representing a measure of a system's floating point computing power. Introduced by Jack Dongarra, it measures how fast a computer solves dense n by n systems of linear equations Ax=b, a common task in engineering. The solution is based on Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting, with 2/3*n^3 + n^2 floating point operations. The result is millions of floating point operations per second (Mflop/s).
For large-scale distributed-memory systems, HPL, a portable implementation of the High-Performance LINPACK Benchmark, is used as a performance measure for ranking supercomputers in the TOP500 list of the world's fastest computers. The benchmark is run for different matrix sizes n searching for the size Nmax for which the maximal performance Rmax is obtained. The benchmark also reports the problem size N1/2 where half of the performance (Rmax/2) is achieved.