MPEG-1

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MPEG-1 is a 1990's standard used to compress audio and video (AV) digital data. MPEG-1 defines a group of AV coding standards agreed upon by MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group). MPEG-1 video is used by the Video CD format. The output quality at usual VCD bit rates is roughly that of a VCR. MPEG-1 audio layer 3 is the full name for the popular audio format MP3. The MPEG-1 AV format was later extended into the MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 formats. These extensions allow for greater compression for the same size of data.

MPEG-1 consists of several "parts", as follows:

  1. Synchronization and multiplexing of video and audio.   See Transport stream.
  2. Compression codec for non-interlaced video signals.
  3. Compression codec for perceptual coding of audio signals. The standard defines three "layers," or levels of complexity, of MPEG audio coding.
    1. MP1 or MPEG-1 Part 3 Layer 1 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 1)
    2. MP2 or MPEG-1 Part 3 Layer 2 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 2)
    3. MP3 or MPEG-1 Part 3 Layer 3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3)
  4. Procedures for testing conformance.
  5. Reference software.

Reference: ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 (June 1996)

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MPEG-1 video

The MPEG-1 standard was originally designed for 1.5M bit/second data rates and 352x240 resolution. Later improvements allow for up to 4M bit/second for better quality. At present MPEG-1 is the most compatible format in the MPEG family; it is playable in almost all computers and VCD/DVD players.

One big disadvantage of the MPEG-1 is that it supports only progressive scan video, which is part of the reasons which prompted the more advanced MPEG-2.

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Notes

Please enhance this article. Topics that need addressing are:

  • How is compression achieved
  • Simple diagram that shows the compress and decompression process
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See also

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