Mixture
From Free net encyclopedia
- For other uses, see Mixture (disambiguation).
A mixture is a chemical substance which is a homogeneous or heterogeneous association without chemical bonding of elements and/or compounds in varying proportions and that retain their own individual properties and makeup. Mixtures can usually be separated by mechanical means.
There are no chemical changes in a mixture, i.e., each substance in a mixture keeps the same chemical properties and makeup as before. Physical properties of mixtures, e.g., the melting point, may considerably differ from those of its components. It usually does not.
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Types of mixtures
There are two different types of mixtures, homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures.
Homogeneous mixtures
Homogeneous mixtures are mixtures that have a definite composition and properties, for example, any amount of a given mixture has the same composition and properties. Examples are solutions and some alloys (but not all).
Solutions
One type of a homogeneous mixture is a solution. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (the solutes) dissolved in another substance (the solvent). A common example would be a solid dissolving into a liquid, for example salt or sugar dissolving in water (or even gold into mercury, forming an amalgam); but also gases may dissolve into liquids, like carbon dioxide or oxygen in water; in addition, a gas may dissolve into another, and sometimes liquids dissolve into gases, for example water vapour in the atmosphere.
Heterogeneous mixtures
Heterogeneous mixtures are mixtures without definite composition, for example, granite. Pizza is a typical humorous example of this kind of mixture. Heterogeneous mixtures are said to have several phases (not to be confused with phases of matter). An example is the parts of a homogeneous composition, which can be mechanically separated from the rest.
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See also
- Colligative properties
- Colloid
- Making up solutions
- Molar solution
- Percentage solution
- Solubility equilibrium
- Soluble
- Suspension (chemistry)
- Separation of mixturesar:خليط
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