Nausea
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- For other uses, see Nausea (disambiguation).
Nausea (Greek Ναυτεία) is the sensation of unease and discomfort in the stomach with an urge to vomit.
Causes
Nausea is not an illness in itself, it's rather a possible symptom of several conditions, many of which are not related to the stomach at all. In fact, more often than not does nausea indicate a condition somewhere else in the body rather than in the stomach itself. It is also an adverse effect of many drugs.
In medicine, nausea is a particular problem during some chemotherapy regimens and following general anaesthesia. Nausea is also a common symptom of pregnancy. Even though nausea is generally seen as an indication that something is wrong, experiencing it during pregnancy is quite normal, and should not be considered an immediate cause for alarm.
Other causes include: altitude sickness, angina, brain tumor, cirrhosis, clinical depression, coeliac disease, colorectal cancer, crohn's disease, decompression sickness, dehydration, esophagitis, flu, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastroenteritis, hangover, head injury, hepatitis C, hepatocellular carcinoma, hydrocephalus, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypoxia (medical), intestinal parasite, irritable bowel syndrome, kidney stone, lassa fever, lead poisoning, love sickness, mastocytosis, ménière’s disease, migraine, morning sickness, motion sickness, myocardial infarction, ovarian cancer, panic attack, peptic ulcer, peritonitis, pneumonia, porphyria, postoperative nausea and vomiting, pseudomembranous colitis, psoriasis, Rocky mountain spotted fever, strep throat, trichinosis, ulcerative colitis, viral infections Template:Incomplete-list
Treatment
While short-term nausea and vomiting are generally harmless, they may sometimes indicate a more serious condition, such as Celiac Disease. When associated with prolonged vomiting, it may cause dangerous levels of dehydration and/or electrolyte imbalances.
Symptomatic treatment for nausea and vomiting may include short-term avoidance of solid food. This is usually easy as nausea is nearly always associated with loss of appetite. Dehydration may require rehydration with oral or intravenous electrolyte solutions. Oral rehydration (drinking water) is safer and simpler in most cases.
There are many antiemetics (drugs to suppress nausea and vomiting), although researchers continue to look for more effective treatments. Also available are a variety of noninvasive, mechanical devices used to suppress nausea due to motion sickness, but these products are seldom tested in a laboratory setting.
| Health science - Medicine - Gastroenterology - edit |
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| Diseases of the esophagus - stomach |
| Halitosis | Nausea | Vomiting | GERD | Achalasia | Esophageal cancer | Esophageal varices | Peptic ulcer | Abdominal pain | Stomach cancer | Functional dyspepsia |
| Diseases of the liver - pancreas - gallbladder - biliary tree |
| Hepatitis | Cirrhosis | NASH | PBC | PSC | Budd-Chiari syndrome | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Acute pancreatitis | Chronic pancreatitis | Pancreatic cancer | Gallstones | Cholecystitis |
| Diseases of the small intestine |
| Peptic ulcer | Intussusception | Malabsorption (e.g. celiac disease, lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption, Whipple's disease) | Lymphoma |
| Diseases of the colon |
| Diarrhea | Appendicitis | Diverticulitis | Diverticulosis | IBD (Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis) | Irritable bowel syndrome | Constipation | Colorectal cancer | Hirschsprung's disease | Pseudomembranous colitis |
da:Kvalme de:Nausea fr:Nausée (médecine) io:Nauzeo it:Nausea he:בחילה ja:吐き気 lt:Pykinimas nl:Misselijkheid pl:Nudności pt:Náusea