Ostrya

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{{Taxobox | color = lightgreen | name = Ostrya | image = Ostrya virginiana.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = Ostrya virginiana | regnum = Plantae | divisio = Magnoliophyta | classis = Magnoliopsida | ordo = Fagales | familia = Betulaceae | genus = Ostrya | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. }}

Ostrya is a genus of eight to ten small deciduous trees belonging to the birch family Betulaceae. Its common name is Hophornbeam in American English and Hop-hornbeam in British English. Also referred to as Hardhack in New England.

The genus is native in southern Europe, southwest and eastern Asia, and North and Central America. They have a conical or irregular crown and a scaly, rough bark. They have alternate and double-toothed birch-like leaves 3-10 cm long. The flowers are produced in spring, with male catkins 5-10 cm long and female catkins 2-5 cm long. The fruit form in pendulous clusters 3-8 cm long with 6-20 seeds; each seed is a small nut 2-4 mm long, fully enclosed in a bladder-like involucre.

The wood is very hard and heavy; the name Ostrya is derived from the Greek word 'ostrua', "bone-like", referring to the very hard wood. Regarded as a weed tree by some foresters, this hard and stable wood was historically used to fashion plane soles.

Ostyra species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Winter Moth and Coleophora ostryae.

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Species

  • Ostrya carpinifolia Scop. - European Hop-hornbeam
  • Ostrya chisosensis Correll - Chisos Hophornbeam, Big Bend Hophornbeam
  • Ostrya guatemalensis (Winkler) Rose - Central American Hophornbeam
  • Ostrya japonica Sarg. - Japanese Hop-hornbeam
  • Ostrya knowltonii Coville - Knowlton Hophornbeam, Western Hophornbeam, Wolf Hophornbeam
  • Ostrya multinervis Rehd. - Central Chinese Hop-hornbeam
  • Ostrya rehderiana Chun - Zhejiang Hop-hornbeam
  • Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch - Eastern Hophornbeam, American Hophornbeam, Ironwood.
  • Ostrya yunnanensis Hu - Yunnan Hop-hornbeam
  • † Ostrya oregoniana (fossil)
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References

Rushforth, K. 1985. Ostrya. The Plantsman 7: 208-212.da:Humlebøg de:Hopfenbuchen nl:Hopbeuk pl:Chmielograb tr:Kayacık

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