Polar molecule
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A polar molecule is a molecule that contains a slightly positively charged end and slightly negatively charged end through polar covalent bonds. Therefore, a molecule of HCl is polar because the chlorine end is slightly negative and the hydrogen end is slightly positive. But a molecule of CCl4 is not a polar molecule, even though it contains polar covalent bonds, since it does not have oppositely charged ends. It just has a slightly positive carbon atom surrounded by 4 slightly negative chlorine atoms.
Polar compounds are highly soluble in other polar compounds, and virtually insoluble in nonpolar compounds.
Predicting Polar and Nonpolar Molecules
| Formula | Description | Example | |
| Polar | AB | Linear Molecules | CO |
|---|---|---|---|
| HAx | Molecules with a single H | HCl | |
| AxOH | Molecules with an OH at one end | C2H5OH | |
| OxAy | Molecules with an O at one end | H2O | |
| NxAy | Molecules with an N at one end | NH3 | |
| Nonpolar | Ax | All elements | O2 |
| CxAy | Most carbon compounds | CO2 |
See also
Template:Chem-stubes:Molécula polar fr:Molécule polaire he:קוטביות nl:Polaire verbinding ja:極性分子 pt:Molécula polar sv:Polär