Samanid
From Free net encyclopedia
The Samanids were the first native rulers of Iran and Central Asia after the Arabic conquest, and they are considered the beginning of the Tajik nation. They ruled for 102 years and 10 days, and ruled over Khorasan, Ray, Transoxiania, Tabaristan, Kerman, Gorgan, and west until Isfahan Province.
They revived Persian traditions and language after the Islamic conquest of Iran. Their capitals were Bukhara, Samarqand and Herat. In 999 their realm was conquered by the Karakhanids.
In commending the Samanids, the epic poet Ferdowsi says of them:
کجا آن بزرگان ساسانیان
زبهرامیان تا بسامانیان
"To where have the great Sassanids all gone?
To the Bahrāmids and Samanids what has come upon?"
To further legitimate the dynasty, the Samanids claimed to be descendants of the Sassanid emperor Bahram Chobin and thus descendants of the royal Mihran Clan (one of the Seven Parthian clans).
One lasting contribution of the Samanids to the history of Islamic art is the pottery known as Samanid Epigraphic Ware. Plates, bowls, and pitchers fired in a white slip and decorated only with calligraphy, often elegantly and rhythmically written. The Arabic phrases are generally more or less generic well wishes, or admonitions to good table manners.
Samanid Amirs
- Nasr I (864 - 892) (Effectively independent 875)
- Ismail (892 - 907)
- Ahmad II (907 - 914)
- Nasr II (914 - 943)
- Hamid Nuh I (943 - 954)
- Abdul Malik I (954 - 961)
- Mansur I (961 - 976)
- Nuh II (976 - 997)
- Mansur II (997 - 999)
- 'Abd al-Malik II (999)
See also
External links
- To the Question of the Origin of the Samanids by Shamsiddin S. Kamoliddin, in Transoxiana 10, July 2005.
- M. Ismail Marcinkowski, Persian Historiography and Geography: Bertold Spuler on Major Works Produced in Iran, the Caucasus, Central Asia, India and Early Ottoman Turkey, with a foreword by Professor Clifford Edmund Bosworth, member of the British Academy, Singapore: Pustaka Nasional, 2003, ISBN 9971774887.
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