Shard End
From Free net encyclopedia
Shard End is an area of Birmingham, England. It is also a ward within the formal district of Hodge Hill. Shard End borders the village of Castle Bromwich to the north and Kingshurst to the east which are situated in the northern part of the neighbouring Metropolitan Borough of Solihull.
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History
Before the end of World War 2 Shard End was completely rural with the only buildings being farmhouses, farm outbuildings and tithe cottages.
Shard End’s most infamous resident was Abraham Thornton, son of the owner of Shard End Farm (then part of the Coleshill estate). He was charged with the murder of a local girl, Mary Ashford, in 1817. The events of the trial led to the abolition of two ancient legal rights - the right of a close relative to demand another trial although the defendant had been acquitted, and the right of a defendant to defend himself by challenging the relative to a duel. The duel did not take place and Thornton left the area soon after his second trial to travel to the USA.
During World War 1 much of the woodland between Shard End and Kingshurst had been cut down to help with the war effort. The Birmingham and District Association of Boy Scouts were able to buy a patch of land at a bargain price and set up a permanent camp there. This land was half way between Kingshurst and Shard End. It was called Yorkswood and opened in 1923. There were five camp fields, covering an area of 25 acres. The total site was over 200 acres. The site benefited from permanent washhouses and latrines, a swimming pool, a training centre and headquarters, guesthouse, warden’s hut and other huts. A small brook from a fresh water spring ran past the camp and Cock Sparrow Farm was about 100 yards away to provide fresh milk. The entrance to the camp was flanked by a series of griffin statues. These had come from the roof of Lewis’s Department Store in Birmingham when it was being renovated. After the camp closed in 1972 they were placed upon the housing estate (Kendrick Avenue and nearby roads) in Kingshurst built upon the site of the camp.
In the inter war years the Midland Sand and Gravel Company operated a mine on what is now the Nicholas Chamberlain Playing Fields, off Packington Avenue. During World War 2 this gravel pit was used to store and repair third-line tanks. After the war the area was landscaped to become the playing fields. The old gravel pit was allowed to fill with water from a natural spring and has become a leisure facility.
The New Estate
A plan of the new housing estate was produced at the end of 1945 and compulsory purchase orders were issued in 1946. Building of the estate started in the late 1940’s and was added to in stages producing some variety in the housing. As usual, communal facilities lagged behind the building of the housing. The library opened in 1967 and was the first in Birmingham to use plastic membership cards instead of the traditional cardboard tickets. Some of the housing deteriorated in later years, but has improved as tenants have bought their homes.
Shard End Today
All Saints Church (Anglican) is situated in Coneyford Road. It was opened by the Queen in 1955. It has the distinction of being the first Church of England church to be built and consecrated after the war, anywhere in the country. There is also a Methodist and a Baptist Church.
Shard End has its own community Centre on Packington Avenue, on the opposite side of the road to the Police Station. At one time this station had the largest meeting room in the police sub division. There is a shopping area, crown post office and surgery on Shard End Crescent. Cole Hall Farm was derelict for a number of years but has now been converted into a pub. There are four primary and two secondary schools.
The River Cole, a tributary of the River Tame, runs through Shard End, into Kingshurst. It forms the heart of the "Project Kingfisher" local nature reserve initiative. According to the 2001 Population Census there were 23,154 people resident in Shard End.