Standard electrode potential (data page)

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The standard electrode potentials are used to determine the electrochemical potential or the electrode potential of an electrochemical cell or Galvanic cell.

These electrode potentials are experimentally calculated with the standard hydrogen electrode, because one cannot determine the voltage from the chemical equations. The hydrogen half reaction was chosen to be zero, and thus all the other values were determined by their voltage with the hydrogen half reaction.

The values below are standard electrode potentials taken at 298 K, 1 bar pressure and in aqueous solution, of concentration 1 molar.

Half-reaction	E^o (V)
Li⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Li(s)	−3.04
Rb⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Rb(s)	−2.98
K⁺(aq) + e⁻ → K(s)	−2.93
Cs⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Cs(s)	−2.92
Ba²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Ba(s)	−2.91
Sr²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Sr(s)	−2.89
Ca²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Ca(s)	−2.76
Na⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Na(s)	−2.71
Mg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Mg(s)	−2.38
Be²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Be(s)	−1,85
Al³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Al(s)	−1.68
Ti²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Ti(s)	−1.63
TiO(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → Ti(s) + H₂O	−1.31
Ti₂O₃(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → 2TiO(s) + H₂O	−1.23
Ti³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Ti(s)	−1.21
Mn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Mn(s)	−1.18
V²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → V(s)	−1.13
Sn(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → SnH₄(g)	−1.07
SiO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → Si(s)	−0.91
B(OH)₃(aq) + 3H⁺ + 3e⁻ → B(s) + 3H₂O	−0.89
TiO²⁺(aq) + 2H⁺ + 4e⁻ → Ti(s) + H₂O	−0.86
2 H₂O(l) + 2e^- → H₂(g) + 2 OH^-(aq)	-0.83
Zn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Zn(s)	−0.76
Cr³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Cr(s)	−0.74
Au(CN)₂^-(aq) + e^- → Au(s) +2 CN^-(aq)	-0.60
2TiO₂(s) + 2H+ + 2e⁻ → Ti₂O₃(s) + H₂O	−0.56
Ga³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Ga(s)	−0.53
H₃PO₂(aq) + H⁺ + e⁻ → P(s) + 2H₂O	−0.51
H₃PO₃(aq) + 3H⁺ + 3e⁻ → P(s) + 3H₂O	−0.50
H₃PO₃(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₃PO₂(aq) + H₂O	−0.50
Fe²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Fe(s)	−0.44
2CO₂(g) + 2H⁺(aq) + 2e^- → HOOCCOOH(aq)	-0.43
Cr³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Cr²⁺(aq)	−0.42
2H₂O(l) + 2e^- → H₂(g) + 2OH^- [1.00x10^-7mol L^-1]	-0.41
Cd²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cd(s)	−0.40
PbSO₄(s) + 2e^- → Pb(s) +SO₄^2-(aq)	-0.36
GeO₂(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → GeO(s) + H₂O	−0.37
In³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → In(s)	−0.34
Tl⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Tl(s)	−0.34
Ge(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → GeH₄(g)	−0.29
Co²⁺(aq) + 2e → Co(s)	−0.28
H₃PO₄(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₃PO₃(aq) + H₂O	−0.28
Ni²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Ni(s)	−0.26
V³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → V²⁺(aq)	−0.26
As(s) + 3H⁺ + 3e⁻ → AsH₃(g)	−0.23
MoO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → Mo(s) + 2H₂O	−0.15
Si(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → SiH₄(g)	−0.14
Sn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Sn(s)	−0.13
O₂(g) + H⁺ + e⁻ → HO₂^•(aq)	−0.13
Pb²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Pb(s)	−0.13
WO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → W(s)	−0.12
CO₂(g) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → HCOOH(aq)	−0.11
Se(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂Se(g)	−0.11
CO₂(g) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → CO(g) + H₂O	−0.11
SnO(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → Sn(s) + H₂O	−0.10
SnO₂(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → SnO(s) + H₂O	−0.09
WO₃(aq) + 6H⁺ + 6e⁻ → W(s)	−0.09
P(s) + 3H⁺ + 3e⁻ → PH₃(g)	−0.06
HCOOH(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → HCHO(aq) + H₂O	−0.03
2H⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → H₂(g)	0.00
H₂MoO₄(aq) + 6H⁺ + 6e⁻ → Mo(s) + 4H₂O	+0.11
Ge⁴⁺(aq) + 4e⁻ → Ge(s)	+0.12
C(s) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → CH₄(g)	+0.13
HCHO(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → CH₃OH(aq)	+0.13
S(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂S(g)	+0.14
Sn⁴⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Sn²⁺(aq)	+0.15
Cu²⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Cu⁺(aq)	+0.16
HSO₄⁻(aq) + 3H⁺ + 2e⁻ → SO₂(aq)	+0.16
SbO⁺ + 2H⁺ + 3e⁻ → Sb(s) + H₂O	+0.20
H₃AsO₃(aq) + 3H⁺ + 3e⁻ → As(s) + 3H₂O	+0.24
GeO(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → Ge(s) + H₂O	+0.26
Bi³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Bi(s)	+0.32
VO²⁺(aq) + 2H⁺ + e⁻ → V³⁺(aq)	+0.34
Cu²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cu(s)	+0.34
[Fe(CN)₆]³⁻(aq) + e⁻ → [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻(aq)	+0.36
O₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) + 4e^- → 4OH^-(aq)	+0.40
H₂MoO₄ + 6H⁺ + 3e⁻ → Mo³⁺(aq)	+0.43
CH₃OH(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → CH₄(g) + H₂O	+0.50
SO₂(aq) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → S(s) + 2H₂O	+0.50
Cu⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Cu(s)	+0.52
CO(g) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → C(s) + H₂O	+0.52
I₂(s) + 2e⁻ → 2I⁻(aq)	+0.54
I₃⁻(aq) + 2e⁻ → 3I⁻(aq)	+0.54
[AuI₄]⁻(aq) + 3e⁻ → Au(s) + 4I⁻(aq)	+0.56
H3AsO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e⁻ → H₃AsO₃(aq) + H₂O	+0.56
[AuI2]⁻(aq) + e⁻ → Au(s) + 2I⁻(aq)	+0.58
MnO₄^-(aq) + 2H₂O(l) + 3e^- → MnO₂(s) + 4 OH^-(aq)	+0.59
S₂O₃²⁻ + 6H⁺ + 4e⁻ → 2S(s) + 3H₂O	+0.60
H₂MoO₄(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → MoO₂(s) + 2H₂O	+0.65
O₂(g) + 2H₊ + 2e⁻ → H₂O₂(aq)	+0.70
Tl³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Tl(s)	+0.72
H₂SeO₃(aq) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → Se(s) + 3H₂O	+0.74
Fe³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Fe²⁺(aq)	+0.77
Hg₂²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → 2Hg(l)	+0.80
Ag⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Ag(s)	+0.80
NO₃^-(aq) + 2H⁺(aq) +e^- → NO₂(g) + H₂O(l)	+0.80
[AuBr₄]⁻(aq) + 3e⁻ → Au(s) + 4Br⁻(aq)	+0.85
Hg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Hg(l)	+0.85
MnO₄⁻(aq) + H⁺ + e⁻ → HMnO₄⁻(aq)	+0.90
2Hg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Hg₂²⁺(aq)	+0.91
[AuCl4]⁻(aq) + 3e⁻ → Au(s) + 4Cl⁻(aq)	+0.93
MnO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + e⁻ → Mn³⁺(aq) + 2H₂O	+0.95
[AuBr₂]⁻(aq) + e⁻ → Au(s) + 2Br⁻(aq)	+0.96
Br₂(l) + 2e⁻ → 2Br⁻(aq)	+1.07
Br₂(aq) + 2e⁻ → 2Br⁻(aq)	+1.09
IO₃⁻(aq) + 5H⁺ + 4e⁻ → HIO(aq) + 2H₂O	+1.13
[AuCl₂]⁻(aq) + e⁻ → Au(s) + 2Cl⁻(aq)	+1.15
HSeO₄⁻(aq) + 3H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂SeO₃(aq) + H₂O	+1.15
Ag₂O(s) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → 2Ag(s)	+1.17
ClO₃⁻(aq) + 2H⁺ + e⁻ → ClO₂(g) + H₂O	+1.18
ClO₂(g) + H⁺ + e⁻ → HClO₂(aq)	+1.19
2IO₃⁻(aq) + 12H⁺ + 10e⁻ → I₂(s) + 6H₂O	+1.20
ClO₄⁻(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → ClO₃⁻(aq) + H₂O	+1.20
O₂(g) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ → 2H₂O	+1.23
MnO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + 2e⁻ → Mn²⁺(aq) + 2H₂O	+1.23
Tl³⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Tl(s)	+1.25
Cl₂(g) + 2e⁻ → 2Cl⁻(aq)	+1.36
Cr₂O₇²⁻(aq) + 14H⁺ + 6e⁻ → 2Cr³⁺(aq) + 7H₂O	+1.38
CoO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + e⁻ → Co³⁺(aq) + 2H₂O	+1.42
2HIO(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → I₂(s) + 2H₂O	+1.44
BrO₃⁻(aq) + 5H⁺ + 4e⁻ → HBrO(aq) + 2H₂O	+1.45
2BrO₃⁻ + 12H⁺ + 10e⁻ → Br₂(l) + 6H₂O	+1.48
2ClO₃⁻ + 12H⁺ + 10e⁻ → Cl₂(g) + 6H₂O	+1.49
MnO₄⁻(aq) + 8H⁺ + 5e⁻ → Mn²⁺(aq) + 4H₂O	+1.51
HO₂^• + H⁺ + e⁻ → H₂O₂(aq)	+1.51
Au³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Au(s)	+1.52
NiO₂(s) + 4H⁺ + 2e⁻ → Ni²⁺(aq)	+1.59
2HClO(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cl₂(g) + 2H₂O	+1.63
Ag₂O₃(s) + 6H⁺ + 4e⁻ → 2Ag⁺(aq) + 3H₂O	+1.67
HClO₂(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → HClO(aq) + H₂O	+1.67
Pb⁴⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Pb²⁺(aq)	+1.69
MnO₄⁻(aq) + 4H⁺ + 3e⁻ → MnO₂(s) + 2H₂O	+1.70
H₂O₂(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → 2H₂O	+1.76
AgO(s) + 2H⁺ + e⁻ → Ag⁺(aq) + H₂O	+1.77
Au⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Au(s)	+1.83
BrO₄⁻(aq) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → BrO₃⁻(aq) + H₂O	+1.85
Co³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Co²⁺(aq)	+1.92
Ag²⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Ag⁺(aq)	+1.98
HMnO₄⁻(aq) + 3H⁺ + 2e⁻ → MnO₂(s) + 2H₂O	+2.09
F₂(g) + 2e⁻ → 2F₂⁻(aq)	+2.87
F₂(g) + H⁺ + e⁻ → HF₂⁻(aq)	+2.98
F₂(g) + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → 2HF(aq)	+3.05

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Standard electrode potential (data page)

From Free net encyclopedia

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