Tacna
From Free net encyclopedia
- This article is about the city in Peru. For other meanings, see Tacna (disambiguation).
Tacna is a city in southern Peru and the regional capital of the Tacna Region. It is located on the Atacama Desert, inland from the Pacific Ocean and on the valley of the Caplina River. Tacna is a very commercially active city, located only 35 km (21 mi) north from the border with Chile.
Tacna is one of the most patriotic cities in Peru, with many monuments and streets named after heroes of Peru's struggle for independence (1821-1824) and the War of the Pacific (1879-1883). Residents of Tacna are known in Spanish as tacneños.
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| City nickname: "La Ciudad Heroica" ("The Heroic City") | |||
| Image:Location of the city of Tacna in Peru.png | |||
| Founded | June 25, 1875 | ||
| Mayor | Jacinto Gómez | ||
| Population - Total | 280,000 | ||
| Time zone | UTC-5 | ||
| Height | 552 m (1811 ft) | ||
| Official website: www.munitacna.gob.pe | |||
Contents |
History
Francisco Antonio De Zela, a royal accountant (similar in function to a modern-day income tax auditor), initiated the push for Peruvian Independence from Spain in 1811 in Tacna, leading to a series of commemorative actions for the city, culminating in the 1828 declaration of Tacna as the "Heroic City" ("La Heroica Ciudad de San Pedro de Tacna") by President José de La Mar.
It was the capital of the short-lived Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836-1839)
Tacna's economic prosperity attracted a wave of Italian immigrants who arrived in the city during the mid 19th century, which is the reason why many tacneños have Italian surnames. This era of successful commerce and agriculture ended drastically with the start of the War of the Pacific. Image:Downtown Tacna.jpg During the war, the cities of Tacna and Arica were invaded by the Chilean Army. A peace agreement, the Treaty of Ancón, was signed in 1883. Under the terms of the treaty, Chile was to occupy the provinces of Tacna and Arica for 10 years, after which a plebiscite was to be held to determine their nationality. Tacna lived a period of captivity for 50 years; the invaders started a campaign of "Chilenization", whose purpose was to convince the local population of accepting Chile as the new ruling power, and make them lose their Peruvian identity.
Nevertheless, the patriotism of the tacneños hindered the Chilean attempts of gaining their sympathy, which was needed for getting their vote at the plebiscite. The plebiscite was never held, though. Finally, in 1929, an accord was reached by which Chile kept Arica; Peru reacquired Tacna and received $6 million indemnity and other concessions.
Today, Tacna is a mostly commercial city with many immigrants from the Puno Region living there. Its economy is based on mercantile activities with the north of Chile (Arica and Iquique). Since it is part of a duty free zone, Tacna has come to rival Arequipa as southern Peru's main business area. The city has one of the largest artifact markets in the world, with things from Japan to China, and also traditional Peruvian handicrafts.
Tourist attractions
Many monuments are located in this city, including the arch of the Alto de la Alianza, which shows the significance of this town. Image:Tacna Plaza de Armas.jpg Other monuments include a neo-Renaissance Cathedral, the Alameda Bolognesi Walkway and the caves of Toquepala, where archaeologists have found some of the oldest human remains in Peru.
It is served by the Crnl. FAP. Carlos Ciriani Santa Rosa International Airport
Festivities
The most important festivity in the city is the Semana de Tacna ("Tacna Week"), which runs from August 25-30.
On August 28th, a large Peruvian flag is shown throughout the city during the Paseo de la Bandera, which celebrates the anniversary of the reincorporation of Tacna into Peruvian sovereignty and is one of the most important patriotic demonstrations in the whole country. This tradition started in 1901, during the Chilean occupation of Tacna, by a group of tacneños who defied the prohibition of showing Peruvian flags imposed by the Chilean authorities.
There is an agrarian and industrial fair as part of these celebrations.
In September, the festival of the Señor de Locumba is celebrated, which draws thousands of faithful people from all over the world.
External links
- Template:Es icon Municipalidad Provincia de Tacna - Tacna Province Council
- Template:Es icon Radio Uno - Local news radio station
- Template:Es icon Visite Tacna - Tourism and Commercede:Tacna