Taipei

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(Redirected from Tai-Pak)
Alternative meaning: Taipei County

Template:Taipei infobox Taipei City (Template:Zh-tsp; Pe̍h-oē-jī: Tâi-pak-chhī; Template:Coor dm) is the capital of the Republic of China (ROC) and the largest city on Taiwan island. Home to 2,619,022 people (2005 census data, excluding Taipei County), it is the center of Taiwan's commerce, government, and culture. Taipei is a basin. The major industries in the city include electrical and electronic equipment, textiles, metals, ship-building, and motorcycles.

Taipei City is a special municipality administered directly under the central government of the ROC. It is not part of but surrounded entirely by Taipei County, which is administered as part of Taiwan Province.

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Subdivisions

Taipei administers twelve districts (區):

Hanyu Pinyin Hanzi Wade-Giles Tongyong Pinyin
Sōngshān 松山區 Sung-shan Songshan
Xìnyì 信義區 Hsin-yi Sinyi
Dà'ān 大安區 Ta-an Da-an
Zhōngshān 中山區 Chung-shan Jhongshan
Zhōngzhèng 中正區 Chung-cheng Jhongjheng
Dàtóng 大同區 Ta-t'ung Datong
Wànhuá 萬華區 Wan-hua Wanhua
Wénshān 文山區 Wen-shan Wunshan
Nángǎng 南港區 Nan-kang Nangang
Nèihú 內湖區 Nei-hu Neihu
Shìlín 士林區 Shih-lin Shihlin
Běitóu 北投區 Pei-t'ou Beitou
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Geography

Taipei City is located in the Taipei Basin in northern Taiwan and is bordered on the south by the Sindian River (Hsintien), and the Danshuei (Tamsui) on the west. The northern districts of Shihlin and Beitou extend north of the Keelung River and are bordered by Yangmingshan National Park. Because of its location in a valley, the city commonly experiences high temperatures and humidity during the summer months, a problem enhanced by the high population density and the use of air conditioning. The climate is subtropical.

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History

Image:Taipei night birdseye.jpg The region known as the Taipei basin was home to Ketagalan tribes before the 18th century. Han Chinese began to settle in Taipei Basin in 1709.

In the late 19th century, Taipei gained economic importance due to the trade of tea. In 1875, the northern part of Taiwan was separated from Taiwan Prefecture (台灣府) and became Bangka(艋舺) and Dadaocheng (大稻埕). The new city was known as Chengnei (城內), and government buildings were erected there. Taiwan became a province of China in 1885, but remained a temporary capital of the province before it became the official one in 1894.

As settlement for losing the Sino-Japanese War, China ceded the entire island of Taiwan to Japan in 1895. Taipei was the political center of the Japanese Colonial Government. Much of the architecture of Taipei dates from the period of Japanese rule (during which the city was known in Japanese as Taihoku) including the Presidential Building which was the Office of the Taiwan Governor-General. See Taipei Prefecture (Japanese Rule).

In 1949, the Communists forced the Kuomintang government under Chiang Kai-shek to flee mainland China and establish Taipei as the provisional capital of the ROC (Nanking remains the official ROC capital). Taipei was also the capital of Taiwan Province until the 1960s when that was moved to Jhongsing Village.

From 1875 (during the Qing Dynasty) until the beginning of Japanese rule in 1895, Taipei was part of Danshuei County (淡水縣) of Taipei Prefecture (台北府). Taipei was incorporated in 1920 as part of Taipei Prefecture (台北州). It included Bangka, Dadaocheng, and Chengnei among other small settlements. The eastern village Songshan (松山庄) was annexed into Taipei City in 1938. As approved on December 30, 1966 by Executive Yuan, Taipei became a centrally administered municipality on July 1, 1967. In the following year, Taipei City expanded again by annexing Shilin, Beitou, Neihu, Nangang, Jingmei, and Muzha. In 1990, 16 districts in Taipei City were consolidated into the current 12 districts.

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Politics

The current mayor of Taipei is the Kuomintang's Ma Ying-jeou, who is also chairman of the KMT. The office of mayor of Taipei is seen as a stepping stone to higher office. Both the current and previous Presidents Chen Shui-bian and Lee Teng-hui were mayors of Taipei, and Ma Ying-jeou is widely regarded as the most likely Kuomintang candidate for President in 2008. Until 1994, the mayor of Taipei was an appointed position, but since then it has been elected.

Taipei City has a higher proportion of Mainlanders than average in Taiwan. This and the fact that the city is highly dependent on commerce and finance which would be disrupted in case of conflict with the People's Republic of China means that the city is more favorable to Chinese reunification than other areas of Taiwan. Indeed, it was partly due to the fact that Chen Shui-bian was still able to win the mayorship in 1994 despite his pro-independence tendencies that made him the obvious DPP candidate for President in 2000.

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Festivities

Image:ChiangKaiShek-MemorialHall-LanternFestival.jpg Image:Liyu 2004c The Grand Hotel Taipei.jpg There are many yearly Taiwanese festivals that commonly are held in Taipei including the Lantern Festival and Double Tenth Day. A common location for festivities in Taipei is the square in front of the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall. Recently, some of the major festivals normally held in Taipei (specifically, the Double Tenth Day fireworks) have been moved to others cities in Taiwan.

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Education

Taipei has 15 universities:

In addition, there are nine colleges:

Major Chinese Language schools:

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Transportation

Image:Taipei-TRTS-Shilin.jpg Taipei's public transport system MRT (Mass Rapid Transit), now also known as metroTaipei, uses both a light rail system based on VAL technology and a conventional metro. Unlike most rail transport in Taiwan which follow the Japanese practice and have trains running on the left, the Taipei public transport system runs its trains on the right. See Taipei Rapid Transit System.

Taipei Main Station is the largest Taiwanese railway station and also functions as the nexus for the MRT system.

All scheduled international flights are served by Chiang Kai-shek International Airport in nearby Taoyuan County. Songshan Airport at the heart of the city serves mostly domestic flights, with the exception of some charter flights.

An extensive city bus system runs throughout the city to serve areas not covered by the MRT system. Some buses require payment upon boarding, and other upon exiting, and many buses (longer routes) require payment both upon boarding and exiting. Riders of the city MRT system are able to use their MRT passes on buses for discounted rates, making the bus system effectively an extension of the MRT system. The passes, known as Easy Cards contain credits which are deducted each time a ride is taken. The Easy Card, which is the Taipei's equivalent to Hong Kong's Octopus Card, is extremely convenient since it is read via sensory panels on buses and in MRT stations capable of scanning through wallets or purses, thus eliminating the need for the passenger to remove the card from his or her wallet or purse.

Image:Xu 2004 003 Taipei MRT.jpg A quintessential form of transportation in Taipei (and much of Taiwan) is the ubiquitous motor-scooter, somewhat analogous to the motorcycles found in other industrialized nations. However, motor-scooters are not subject to conventional traffic laws, and generally thread between cars and occasionally through oncoming traffic. A loophole in Taipei's motor vehicle laws ensures that in any accident between a motor-scooter and another vehicle, the other vehicle is at fault. For these reasons, scooters are perhaps the most convenient (though environmentally unfriendly) way for locals to navigate through their city.

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Attractions

Image:Lungshan temple taipei taiwan.jpg

(台北101)

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Pronunciation note

The spelling Taipei derives from the Wade-Giles romanization T'ai-pei, in which "p" is pronounced more like an English "b". Thus "Taipei" should accurately be pronounced like the English words Tie-Bay, rather than Tie-Pay, its common English pronunciation.

Both Hanyu Pinyin, which is used both in the PRC and in Taipei City itself, and Tongyong Pinyin, which is mandated by the central government, reflect this pronunciation, romanizing Taipei as Taibei, a spelling that is closer to the Mandarin pronunciation. However, this romanization is very rarely seen.

Though Taipei City has converted all its street signs to Hanyu Pinyin, it has retained the original spelling of "Taipei" as an exception.

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Sister cities

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Template:Col-end The large number of sister cities, possibly the most of any city, may be due to Taiwan's lack of formal diplomatic relations with most countries in the world, necessitating international relations to be performed at the municipal level.

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See also

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External links

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Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg
Provinces (streamlined): Taiwan Province | Fuchien Province
Central Municipalities: Kaohsiung City | Taipei City
Counties (Taiwan Province): Changhua County | Chiayi County | Hsinchu County | Hualien County | Kaohsiung County | Miaoli County | Nantou County | Penghu County | Pingtung County | Taichung County | Tainan County | Taipei County | Taitung County | Taoyuan County | Yilan County | Yunlin County
Counties (Fuchien Province): Kinmen County | Lienchiang County
Provincial Cities (Taiwan Province): Chiayi City | Hsinchu City | Keelung City | Taichung City | Tainan City


Image:Taipei City seal.png Districts of Taipei

Songshan | Xinyi | Daan | Zhongshan | Zhongzheng | Datong | Wanhua | Wenshan | Nangang | Neihu | Shilin | Beitou

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af:Taipei ca:Taipei da:Taipei de:Taipeh es:Taipéi eo:Tajpeo fr:Taipei ko:타이베이 io:Taipei id:Kota Taipei it:Taipei he:טאיפי lt:Taibėjus nl:Taipei ja:台北市 pl:Tajpej pt:Taipé ru:Тайбэй simple:Taipei sk:Tchaj-pej tr:Taipei fi:Taipei sv:Taipei th:ไทเป zh:臺北市

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