Timeline of chess

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This is a timeline of chess.

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Early history

Template:See

  • 5th century BC - The earliest references to a version of chess are found in the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata written in India around this time. It refers to the game of Chaturanga, which appears to have been the ancestor of Chess.
  • 6th century CE - The game Chaturanga probably evolved into its current form around this time.
  • ca. 600 - The Karnamuk-i-Artakhshatr-i-Papakan contains references to the Persian game of Shatranj, the direct ancestor of modern Chess. Shatranj was initially called "Chatrang" in Persian (named after the Indian version), which was later renamed to Shatranj.
  • ca. 720 CE - Chess spreads across the Islamic world from Persia.
  • ca. 840 CE - Earliest surviving chess problems by Caliph Billah of Baghdad.
  • ca. 900 CE - Entry on Chess in the Chinese work Huan Kwai Lu ('Book of Marvels').
  • 997 CE - Versus de scachis is the earliest known work mentioning chess in Christian Western Europe.
  • 1008 - Mention of chess in the will of Count Uregel, another early reference.
  • 10th century - As-Suli writes Kitab Ash-Shatranj, the earliest known work to take a scientific approach to chess strategy.
  • late 10th century - Dark and light squares are introduced on a chessboard.
  • 1173 - Earliest recorded use of algebraic notation.
  • late 13th century - Pawns can now move two ranks on first move.
  • late 14th century - The en passant rule is introduced.
  • 1422 - A manuscript from Kraków sets the rule that stalemate is a draw.
  • 1471 - The Gottingen manuscript is the first book to deal solely with chess.
  • 1474 - William Caxton publishes The Game and Playe of Chesse, the first chess book in English.
  • 1497 - Lucena publishes the first European work on chess openings.
  • 1561 - Ruy López coins the word gambit to describe opening sacrifices.
  • 1690 - Openings are now systematically classified by the Traite de Lausanne.
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Modern history

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 from:2000 till:end  color:ch2 $shift2 text:"Kramnik"

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 at:1744 text:"1744 Philidor plays ~two opponents blindfolded in Paris"
 at:1763 text:"1763 William Jones invents Caissa,~ the chess muse"
 at:1769 text:"1769 Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen builds~ the Mechanical Turk"
 at:1783 text:"1783 Philidor plays blind chess (3_games)"
 at:1802 text:"1802 1st American chess book,~Chess Made Easy"
 at:1813 text:"1813 World 1st chess column~in The Liverpool Mercury"
 at:1824 text:"1824 1st English~correspondence match"
 at:1830 text:"1830 1st known modern~female chess player"
 at:1834 text:"1834 1st intern. challenge match:~McDonnell (Eng) v~de la Bourdonnais (Fr)"
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 at:1840 text:"1840 1st postal stamps with~chess motifs"
 at:1845 text:"1845 Match by telegraph~between London and Portsmouth"
 at:1846 text:"1846 1st German chess magazine:~Deutsche Schachzeitung"
 at:1848 text:"1848 1st known game between~blind players"
 at:1849 text:"1849 Staunton set created~by Nathaniel Cook"
 at:1852 text:"1852 1st use of sandglasses~to time a game"
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 at:1857 text:"1857 1st American Chess Congress,~ won by Morphy"
 at:1857 text:"1857 The UK Chess Association is formed"
 at:1861 text:"1861 Games are played~via transoceanic cables"
 at:1867 text:"1867 Mechanical clocks introduced"
 at:1870 text:"1870 1st tournament in Germany~(in_Baden-Baden)"
 at:1871 text:"1871 1st book on endgames~(by_Durand)"
 at:1873 text:"1873 1st use of Sonneborn-Berger system~in a tournament"
 at:1877 text:"1877 Formation of the Deutsche Schachbund"
 at:1883 text:"1883 Invention of the Forsyth notation"
 at:1886 text:"1886 1st official match for the~champion title Steinitz vs Zukertort"
 at:1888 text:"1888 1st int. correspondence tournament.~1888 USA Championship starts"
 at:1899 text:"1899 Chess clocks now have timeout flags"
 at:1902 text:"1902 1st radio chess match~between two American ships"
 at:1905 text:"1905 British national championship~for women starts"
 at:1910 text:"1910 Capablanca wins major tournament~(in_New York) with a 100% score"
 at:1911 text:"1911 1st simultaneous display~over 100 participants"
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 at:1913 text:"1913 Harold Murray's monumental book~A History of Chess"
 at:1919 text:"1919 Capablanca plays a simul.~against 39 players"
 at:1921 text:"1921 British correspondence championship starts"
 at:1924 text:"1924 Establishment of FIDE.~1924 Staunton set officially adopted by FIDE"
 at:1927 text:"1927 1st official Chess Olympiad in London"
 at:1937 text:"1937 A record for simul. blindfold play ~against 34 opponents"
 at:1948 text:"1948 Reigning world champion Alexander Alekhine~dies in Portugal"
 at:1949 text:"1949 Claude Shannon speculates~on computer chess"
 at:1950 text:"1950 Candidates tournaments start"
 at:1951 text:"1951 Chess World Junior Championship starts"
 at:1952 text:"1952 Soviet Union begins string of~Olympiad victories in Helsinki"
 at:1977 text:"1977 Nona Gaprindashvili wins~men's tournament at Lone Pine"
 at:1993 text:"1993 Garry Kasparov and~Nigel Short break~from FIDE to play~world champ. match,~ form PCA"
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 at:1996 text:"1996 Deep Blue~beats Kasparov"

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  • 1744 - François-André Danican Philidor plays two opponents blindfolded in Paris.
  • 1763 - William Jones invents Caissa, the chess muse.
  • 1769 - Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen builds the Mechanical Turk.
  • 1783 - Philidor plays as many as three games simultaneously without seeing the board.
  • 1802 - Earliest known American chess book, Chess Made Easy, by J. Humphreys.
  • 1813 - The Liverpool Mercury prints the world earliest chess column.
  • 1824 - Earliest known British Correspondence chess match, London-Edinburgh.
  • 1830 - Earliest recorded instance of a modern female chess player.
  • 1834 - Earliest recorded international challenge match: Alexander McDonnell (Ireland) v Louis de la Bourdonnais(France) at the Westminster Chess Club, London.
  • 1840 - Postal stamps with chess motifs begin to appear.
  • 1845 - Telegraph is used to transmit moves in a match between London and Portsmouth.
  • 1846 - Deutsche Schachzeitung is the first German chess magazine.
  • 1848 - Earliest known instance of a game played between blind players.
  • 1849 - Staunton set created by Nathaniel Cook.
  • 1851 - First international tournament (in London), won by Adolf Anderssen.
  • 1852 - Sandglasses are first used to time a game.
  • 1857 - First American Chess Congress, won by Paul Morphy.
  • 1857 - The UK Chess Association is formed.
  • 1861 - Games can now be played via transoceanic cables (Dublin-Liverpool).
  • 1867 - Mechanical Game clock are introduced in tournament play.
  • 1870 - Earliest recorded tournament in Germany (Baden-Baden).
  • 1871 - Durand publishes the first book on endgames.
  • 1873 - The Neustadtl score system is first used in a tournament.
  • 1877 - Formation of the Deutsche Schachbund.
  • 1883 - Invention of the Forsyth notation.
  • 1886 - First official match for the champion title between Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes Zukertort.
  • 1888 - First international correspondence tournament.
  • 1888 - USA Championship starts.
  • 1894 - Emmanuel Lasker defeats Wilhelm Steinitz in a world championship match.
  • 1895 - Hastings 1895 chess tournament at Hastings, England
  • 1899 - Chess clocks now have timeout flags.
  • 1902 - First radio chess match by two American ships.
  • 1905 - British national championship for women starts.
  • 1910 - José Raúl Capablanca is the first to win a major tournament (in New York) with a 100% score.
  • 1911 - The first simultaneous display with more than 100 participants.
  • 1913 - Publication of Harold Murray's monumental book A History of Chess.
  • 1913 - The grasshopper is the first fairy piece invented, having its origin in the Renaissance "leaping queen".
  • 1919 - Capablanca plays a simul in the House of Commons against 39 players.
  • 1921 - British correspondence championship starts.
  • 1924 - Establishment of Fédération Internationale des Échecs.
  • 1924 - Staunton set officially adopted by FIDE.
  • 1927 - First official Chess Olympiad in London.
  • 1935 - Alexander Alekhine loses his champion title to Max Euwe.
  • 1937 - A record for simultaneous blindfold play against 34 opponents.
  • 1946 - Reigning world champion Alexander Alekhine dies in Portugal, leaving his title up for grabs in a six-player tournament organised by FIDE.
  • 1949 - Claude Shannon speculates on how computers might play chess.
  • 1950 - Candidates Tournament start.
  • 1951 - World Junior Chess Championship starts.
  • 1952 - Soviet Union begins their string of Olympiad victories in Helsinki.
  • 1972 - Bobby Fischer beats Boris Spassky for the World Championship, in the process giving Chess an unprecedented level of publicity.
  • 1977 - Nona Gaprindashvili wins the men's tournament at Lone Pine.
  • 1993 - Garry Kasparov and Nigel Short break from FIDE to play their world championship match, forming the Professional Chess Association.
  • 1996 - Deep Blue beats Garry Kasparov in the first game won by a chess-playing computer against a reigning world champion under normal chess tournament conditions.
  • 2000 - Garry Kasparov loses his title to Vladimir Kramnik.
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See also

Retrieved from "http://www.netipedia.com/index.php/Timeline_of_chess"