Volvox
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| Volvox{{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{{status}}}
| se|SECURE|Secure|secure=Conservation status: Secure | dom|DOMESTICATED|Domesticated|domesticated=Conservation status: Domesticated | data|DD|DATA=Conservation status: Data deficient | lr=Conservation status: Lower risk | lc|LR/LC|LR/lc|lr/lc|LRLC|LRlc|lrlc=Conservation status: Lower risk (lc) | LR/nt|lr/nt|LRNT|LRnt|lrnt|NT|nt=Conservation status: Lower risk (nt) | LR/cd|lr/cd|LRCD|LRcd|lrcd=Conservation status: Lower risk (cd) | vu=Conservation status: Vulnerable | en=Conservation status: Endangered | cr=Conservation status: Critical | ew=Conservation status: Extinct in the wild | ex|EXTINCT|Extinct|extinct=Conservation status: Extinct{{#if:{{{extinct|}}}| ({{{extinct}}}) }} | Fossil|fossil=Conservation status: Fossil | pre=Conservation status: Prehistoric | Text|TEXT=Conservation status: See text | {{{status}}} }}}}Template:Subtext}|contents=Fossil range: {{{fossil_range|}}} }} |
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Volvox is one of the best known genera of green algae also known as Phylum Chlorophyta, and is the culmination of the evolution of spherical colonies. Each Volvox is composed of on the order of a thousand cells, each a biflagellate similar to Chlamydomonas, interconnected and arranged in a hollow sphere (a Coenobia), with a distinct anterior and posterior. Asexual colonies consist of somatic or vegetative cells, which do not reproduce, and gonidia, which reproduce, the reproduction being a process of longitudinal division. Sexual or oogamous colonies contain, as well as somatic cells, ova (non-motile female cells) or spermatozoa (small, motile male cells) or a mixture of the two. These cells, near the back of the colony, develop into new colonies, initially with the flagella directed inwards and held within the parent. Eventually the parent bursts and the daughter colonies invert.
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Habitats
Volvox is found in ponds and ditches, and even in shallow puddles. The most favorable place to look for it is in the deeper ponds, lagoons, and ditches which receive an abundance of rain water. It has been claimed that where you find Lemna, you are likely to find Volvox; and it is true that such water is favorable, but the shading is unfavorable. Look where you find Sphagnum, Vaucheria, Alisma, Equisetum fluviatile, Utricularia, Typha, and Chara, Dr. Nieuwland reports that Pandorina, Eudorina and Gonium are commonly found in summer as constituents of the green scum on wallows in fields where pigs are kept. The flagellate, Euglena, is often associated with these forms. If you have a culture in the laboratory, do not throw it out when the culture disappears, because new coenobia are likely to develop from the oospores.
Laboratory protocols
Material of Volvox and all the Volvocales may be fixed in the corrosive sublimate-acetic mixture,Template:Ref used hot—85° C. If material is to be stained and mounted whole, use the aqueous mixture; if it is to be imbedded and cut, use the alcoholic. For mounting whole, stain in iron-alum haematoxylin, or in Magdala red and anilin blue, following the Venetian turpentine method. A few bits of broken cover-glass, placed among the colonies, will prevent crushing.
Notes
Template:Note Corrosive sublimate is mercuric chloride (HgCl2). Corrosive sublimate-acetic is a mixture of mercuric chloride (2 g), glacial acetic acid (2 ml) and H2O (100 ml).
References
- Chamberlain, Charles Joseph. Methods in Plant Histology.de:Volvox