Warning sign
From Free net encyclopedia
A traffic warning sign is a type of traffic sign that indicates a hazard ahead on the road.
In most countries outside of North America, they often take the shape of an equilateral triangle with a thick red border and a white or yellow background.
In the People's Republic of China, however, they appear with a black border and a yellow background. In Sweden, Serbia and Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Finland, the (Former Yugoslav) Republic of Macedonia and Poland they have a red border with a yellow background. This is due to the weather, as it is easier to see a red/yellow sign in the snowy weather then a red/white sign. The polar bear warning sign on Svalbard recently changed from displaying a black bear on white background to a white bear on black background (both sign are/were triangular with a red border).
In the United States,Canada, Mexico, Australia, Japan, Philippines, and Malaysia warning signs are black on yellow and usually diamond-shaped, and construction signs are black on orange. Ireland also adopted these standards, diverging from UK standards. Some other countries also use these standards for some signage.
Warning signs different shapes
 Diamond shape |
 Round shape |
 Rectangular shape |
 Triangular with orange-yellow background |
 Triangular with yellow background |
 Triangular with white background |
Warning signs
Warning signs can indicate any potential hazard, such as:
General Caution
Image:1 1 54.svg Non-specific warning to pay attention, the word "Caution," often for ambiguous reasons.
Obstacles
Diamond-shaped with reflectors are placed at point of curbs, dividers, or other lane obstacles. Rectangular signs with diagonal stripes indicate solid objects such as barricades, bridge abutments, utility poles or natural obstacles near the roadway. Left side obstacles are marked with stripes running high to low, left to right; right side obstacle signs use stripes running high to low, right to left; in a sense akin to International symbol of arrow pointing down toward side toward roadway.
Things Near or Crossing the Roadway
Warns of wild animals (moose, bear, elk, deer, wallabies, kangaroos, aligators, etc) or farm animals (cows, horses, ducks, sheep) that may stray onto the road. Also equipment (tractors, forklifts, snowmobiles, golf carts, bicycles) crossing or traveling along the road. In the United States, a SHARE THE ROAD plaque is sometimes placed below these warning signs when used in this manner.
Image:UK road traffic warning sign wild fowl.gif
Road works or construction
Indicates road works (construction), poor roads, or temporary conditions ahead on the road including: flagmen, survey crew, single-lane, detour, bridge out, utility crew ahead, blasting area, bump, dip, frost heaves, flooding (or "High water"), soft shoulder, uneven pavement, freshly oiled road, loose gravel, smoke on road, trucks entering, etc.
Image:UK road traffic warning sign road works.gif Image:UK road traffic warning sign loose chippings.gif
Chevron Arrows
Used to indicate unexpected bends in the road, some being continuous, others being sharp-ended (right-angle turns). Left curve, right curve, series of curves. May also indicate direction of intersections along the upcoming curve. Also used to indicate "merge" with other traffic, as for an on-ramp of a limited-access highway. Image:RoadBends PRC.jpg
| Examples of junction warning signs used in the Republic of Ireland at bends and corners: | |||||
| Image:Diamond road sign dangerous corner.png Dangerous corner | Image:Diamond road sign dangerous bend.png Dangerous bend | Image:Diamond road sign dangerous corners.png Series of dangerous corners | Image:Diamond road sign dangerous bends.png Series of dangerous bends | Image:Diamond road sign junction corner minor road.png Junction at corner | Image:Diamond road sign junction bend minor road.png Junction at a bend |
Tunnels
Used to indicate tunnels, where lights are usually required, and a general change in the light level. May also indicate low ceiling clearance. Truck drivers should also watch for prohibited cargo signs (e.g., Hazmat, propane, explosives) upon approach to tunnels.
Bridges
Used where traffic may be constricted to a narrow bridge, or where the bridge may have a movable span closed to vehicles while boats pass (e.g., drawbridge or floating bridge). Also used for underpass to indicate low overhead clearance.
Traffic Lights
Image:CH TrafficLightTunnelSign.jpg Used to indicate traffic lights, present when it is difficult to see that a traffic light may already be showing red, to warn a driver to prepare to slow down. May be supplemented with flashing light or lighted sign when light is red or turning red.
Warning Signs for Regulatory Signs
As for traffic signals, above, some "stop" or "yield" signs may require additional warning or reminder, especially in dense areas or where the sign has been added recently.
Level Crossings and Intersections
Warns drivers of road crossings at even level (crossroads, T-intersection, forks (Y-intersection), rotary/roundabout). May also indicate "hidden driveway" intersecting the road ahead. (Compare with bridges/overpasses/viaducts).
| Examples of junction warning signs used in the Republic of Ireland: | |||||
| Image:Diamond road sign junction across major road.png Crossroads with a major road | Image:Diamond road sign junction minor road.png Junction with a minor side-road | Image:Diamond road sign staggered junction equal roads.png Staggered crossroads with roads of equal importance | Image:Diamond road sign junction corner minor road.png Junction at corner with a minor road | Image:Diamond road sign junction dual carriageway.png Junction with dual-carriageway | Image:Diamond road sign roundabout.png Roundabout ahead |
Lane Starts/ends
Indicates when a multilane highway is being narrowed, a passing lane is ending, or where the road is widening or a passing lane starting. Another type is used to indicate central "two-way" left turning lane in center of roadway. Warning signs may also warn of "Highway ends", where the road changes class or type. Also used for "dead end", "not a through street" or "no outlet" roadways.
| Image:Nooutlet.jpg American No Outlet sign | Image:UK road traffic warning sign dual carriageway end.gif British sign indicating the end of a section of dual carriageway. |
No Passing Zone
Vertical yellow sign in triangular shape (in U.S.) to supplement solid yellow lane stripe where it is dangerous to overtake another vehicle, especially where roadway may be obscured by snow or other precipitation.
Pedestrians
Used to warn drivers of people walking in the street. Also used to warn of children playing, playgrounds, bicycle area, deaf child, blind pedestrians, and thickly settled zones where pedestrians may enter the road.
In parts of the United States near the southern border with Mexico, there are warning signs (dubbed "W54") showing a running family. This is to warn motorists to look out for illegal immigrants who try to escape authorities by running through freeway traffic.
Schools
For school zones (slow down), student crossings (pointed at top), crossing guards or signals ahead.
Fire stations
Warning upon approach to where firefighters may be entering the road with fire engines or other emergency apparatus, where other drivers will have to stop and wait until they pass.
Oncoming Traffic
Used to warn people of oncoming traffic; shown when a motorway becomes a dual carriageway or a normal road without a central reservation or median.
Level crossing/Railway crossing
Used to warn people of level crossings ahead. In most countries a red triangle warning sign is used, with various pictograms for unguarded crossings, crossings with manual gates, and automatic level crossings. These pictograms are also used in Ireland albeit on an amber diamond sign. In the United States the actual crossing is marked with crossed "Railroad Crossing" sawbuck signs (Stop, look, listen) and possibly lights, bells, and barriers.
| Examples of level crossing warning signs used in the U.S. and Ireland: | |||
| Image:SignRRCross.gif Railroad crossing (U.S.) | Image:Diamond road sign unguarded crossing.png Unguarded level crossing (IRL) | Image:Diamond road sign guarded crossing.png Level crossing with gates (IRL) | Image:Diamond road sign automatic crossing.png Automatic level crossing (IRL) |
Falling Rocks
Used to indicate the hazards of fallen or falling rocks on the road ahead. May be words or pictographs. May be "Fallen rock", "falling rock", or "rock slide" areas posted as such. In Italy the words may be "caduta sassi" or "caduta massi". In France "chûte des pierres".
The Unexpected
For example, a warning sign with the image of an aircraft in the middle of it indicates an airport or airfield, where drivers should be prepared for low-flying aircraft.
General dangers are signalled by placing a black exclamation mark in the middle of the red triangle.
Road conditions
"Slippery when wet", warnings for motorcyclists of "grooved pavement", "Open joints on bridge", "Icy Road", "Bridge freezes before roadway," also "bump" or "dip" ahead (not related to construction). Truck drivers will need to pay attention to "Steep grade" warnings (or "Down grade, use lower gear"), sometimes posted with the percent grade (e.g., 5 percent), but they may be relieved to see "Runaway truck escape" near the bottom of the hill! The UK has a sign warning of "Adverse camber" on a curve. Also "Loose gravel", "Soft shoulder", "Speed hump", and "Watch for Ice."
Image:Signslippery.GIFImage:Signgrade.GIF
Side Wind
Flying socks, as indicated by a windsock on red triangle or yellow diamond signs, indicate locations where a strong side wind may cause the trajectory of the moving vehicle to change drastically, perhaps even "flying" across lanes, causing an accident.
Image:UK warning sign side wind.gif
Slow Down
Image:China Sign Slow.jpg Used at least in U.S. and China, this sign advises drivers to slow
Merge To Stay With Through Traffic
Image:Thrutrafficmergeleft.jpg In the United States, there is special signage for lanes that are about to exit, so that drivers who wish to remain on the main road have adequate time to merge. All such lanes are sometimes indicated by special striping ("alligator stripes") and the sign, "Thru Traffic Merge Left" (or right). On freeways, the green directions sign for the exit ramp may have the additional notation, "Exit Only," and should have black letters on a yellow background for emphasis.
Warning Signs with lights
Some warning signs have flashing lights to alert drivers of conditions ahead or remind drivers to slow down. In Britain, they are called warning light.
Evacuation Routes
Some areas have special evacuation route signs that are to be followed in case of certain disasters. The signs point to routes either to safety or to less danger.
Evacuation signs are common in areas where there is a high risk of dangers such as flash flooding, volcanic activity and lahar, tsunami, hurricane and storm surge.nl:Verkeersborden - Serie J: Waarschuwing sv:Varningsmärken