List of Korean monarchs

From Free net encyclopedia

(Difference between revisions)
Revision as of 16:11, 21 April 2006
Appleby (Talk | contribs)
/* Balhae */
Next diff →

Current revision

Template:History of Korea

Korean dynasties are listed in the order of their fall.

This list includes the monarchs' romanized posthumous or temple names and reign dates. Names are romanized according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean. McCune-Reischauer romanizations may be found at the articles about the individual monarchs.

Contents

[edit]

Gojoseon

Gojoseon (c.2333 BC - 108 BC) was the first Korean kingdom. It is said to have been founded by Dangun in 2333 BC. Bronze age archeological evidence of Gojoseon culture is found in northern Korea and southern Manchuria. Earliest contemporaneous mentions are found in Chinese records of the 7th century BC. By the 4th century BC, various historical and archeological evidence shows Gojoseon was a flourishing state and a self-declared kingdom.

Its rulers used the title of Tanje, which is translated into Birch Emperor.

Hwandan-gogi is a controversial text said to detail ancient Korean history, but its authenticity has been widely questioned. It appears to be partly based on other known "alternative history" texts. The Annals of the Danguns are recorded in Gyuwon Sahwa (1675), which is described by its author as a nationalistic, rather than mainstream, history.

Some records indicate the abdication of Emperor Goyulga in 239 BC, while other accounts record the date as 1137 BC. According to one account, the kingdom's name was changed to Daebuyeo in 425 BC.

[edit]

Dangun line

from Gyuwon Sahwa, considered legendary:

  1. Dangun Wanggeom 왕검 (BC 2333-BC 2240)
  2. Buru 부루 (BC 2240-BC 2182)
  3. Gareuk 가륵 (BC 2182-BC 2137)
  4. Osa 오사 (BC 2137-BC 2099)
  5. Gueul 구을 (BC 2099-BC 2083)
  6. Dalmun 달문 (BC 2083-BC 2047)
  7. Hanyul 한율 (BC 2047-BC 1993)
  8. Seohan 서한 (BC 1993-BC 1985)
  9. Asul 아술 (BC 1985-BC 1950)
  10. Noeul 노을 (BC 1950-BC 1891)
  11. Dohae 도해 (BC 1891-BC 1834)
  12. Ahan 아한 (BC 1834-BC 1782)
  13. Heuldal 흘달 (BC 1782-BC 1721)
  14. Gobul 고불 (BC 1721-BC 1661)
  15. Beoleum 벌음 (BC 1661-BC 1610)
  16. Wina 위나 (BC 1610-BC 1552)
  17. Yeoeul 여을 (BC 1552-BC 1484)
  18. Dongeom 동엄 (BC 1484-BC 1435)
  19. Gumoso 구모소 (BC 1435-BC 1380)
  20. Gohol 고홀 (BC 1380-BC 1337)
  21. Sotae 소태 (BC 1337-BC 1285)
  22. Saekbullu 색불루 (BC 1285-BC 1237)
  23. Amul 아물 (BC 1237-BC 1161)
  24. Yeonna 연나 (BC 1161-BC1150)
  25. Solna 솔나 (BC 1150-BC 1062)
  26. Churo 추로 (BC 1062-BC 997)
  27. Dumil 두밀 (BC 997-BC 971)
  28. Haemo 해모 (BC 971-BC 943)
  29. Mahyu 마휴 (BC 943-BC 909)
  30. Nahyu 내휴 (BC 909-BC 874)
  31. Deungol 등올 (BC 874-BC 849)
  32. Chumil 추밀 (BC 849-BC 819)
  33. Gammul 감물 (BC 819-BC 795)
  34. Orumun 오루문 (BC 795-BC 772)
  35. Sabeol 사벌 (BC 772-BC 704)
  36. Maereuk 매륵 (BC 704-BC 646)
  37. Mamul 마물 (BC 646-BC 590)
  38. Damul 다물 (BC 590-BC 545)
  39. Duhol 두홀 (BC 545-BC 509)
  40. Daleum 달음 (BC 509-BC 491)
  41. Eumcha 음차 (BC 491-BC 471)
  42. Euluji 을우지 BC 471-BC 461)
  43. Mulli 물리 (BC 461-BC 425)
  44. Guhol 구홀 (BC 425-BC 396)
  45. Yeoru 여루 (BC 396-BC 341)
  46. Boeul 보을 (BC 341-BC 295)
  47. Goyeolga 고열가 (BC 295-BC 237)
[edit]

Gija line

from Book of Roots of House Seonwu of Taewon, considered legendary:

  1. King Munseong of Gojoseon, Gija 문성대왕 (r. 1126 BC - 1082 BC)
  2. King Janghye of Gojoseon 장혜왕 (r. 1082 BC - 1057 BC)
  3. King Gyeonghyo of Gojoseon 경효왕 (r. 1057 BC - 1030 BC)
  4. King Gongjeong of Gojoseon 공정왕 (r. 1030 BC - 1000 BC)
  5. King Munmu of Gojoseon 문무왕 (r. 1000 BC - 972 BC)
  6. King Taewon of Gojoseon 태원왕 (r. 972 BC - 968 BC)
  7. King Gyeongchang of Gojoseon 경창왕 (r. 968 BC - 957 BC)
  8. King Heungpyeong of Gojoseon 흥평왕 (r. 957 BC - 943 BC)
  9. King Cheolwi of Gojoseon 철위왕 (r. 943 BC - 925 BC)
  10. King Seonhye of Gojoseon 선혜왕 (r. 925 BC - 896 BC)
  11. King Euiyang of Gojoseon 의양왕 (r. 896 BC - 843 BC)
  12. King Munhye of Gojoseon 문혜왕 (r. 843 BC - 793 BC)
  13. King Seongdeok of Gojoseon 성덕왕 (r. 793 BC - 778 BC)
  14. King Dohoe of Gojoseon 도회왕 (r. 778 BC - 776 BC)
  15. King Munyeol of Gojoseon 문열왕 (r. 776 BC - 761 BC)
  16. King Changguk of Gojoseon 창국왕 (r. 761 BC - 748 BC)
  17. King Museong of Gojoseon 무성왕 (r. 748 BC - 722 BC)
  18. King Jeonggyeong of Gojoseon 정경왕 (r. 722 BC - 703 BC)
  19. King Nakseong of Gojoseon 낙성왕 (r. 722 BC - 703 BC)
  20. King Hyojong of Gojoseon 효종왕 (r. 722 BC - 703 BC)
  21. King Cheonhyo of Gojoseon 천효왕 (r. 658 BC - 634 BC)
  22. King Sudo of Gojoseon 수도왕 (r. 634 BC - 615 BC)
  23. King Hwiyang of Gojoseon 휘양왕 (r. 615 BC - 594 BC)
  24. King Bongil of Gojoseon 봉일왕 (r. 594 BC - 578 BC)
  25. King Deokchang of Gojoseon 덕창왕 (r. 578 BC - 560 BC)
  26. King Suseong of Gojoseon 수성왕 (r. 560 BC - 519 BC)
  27. King Yeonggeol of Gojoseon 영걸왕 (r. 519 BC - 503 BC)
  28. King Ilmin of Gojoseon 일민왕 (r. 503 BC - 486 BC)
  29. King Jese of Gojoseon 제세왕 (r. 486 BC - 465 BC)
  30. King Cheongguk of Gojoseon 청국왕 (r. 465 BC - 432 BC)
  31. King Doguk of Gojoseon 도국왕 (r. 432 BC - 413 BC)
  32. King Hyeokseong of Gojoseon 혁성왕 (r. 413 BC - 385 BC)
  33. King Hwara of Gojoseon 화라왕 (r. 413 BC - 385 BC)
  34. King Seolmun of Gojoseon 설문왕 (r. 369 BC - 361 BC)
  35. King Gyeongsun of Gojoseon 경순왕 (r. 361 BC - 342 BC)
  36. King Gadeok of Gojoseon 가덕왕 (r. 342 BC - 315 BC)
  37. King Samhyo of Gojoseon 삼효왕 (r. 315 BC - 290 BC)
  38. King Hyeonmun of Gojoseon 현문왕 (r. 315 BC - 290 BC)
  39. King Jangpyeong of Gojoseon 장평왕 (r. 251 BC - 232 BC)
  40. King Jongtong of Gojoseon 종통왕 (r. 232 BC - 220 BC)
  41. King Ae of Gojoseon 애왕 (r. 220 BC - 195 BC)
[edit]

Wiman line

earliest attested by contemporaneous records:

  1. Wiman of Gojoseon 위만 衛滿 (194 BC? - ?)
  2. Unknown, (? - ?), son of Wiman
  3. Ugeo of Gojoseon 우거왕 右渠王 (? - 108 BC), grandson of Wiman
[edit]

Buyeo

Buyeo (c.239 BC - 494 CE) claimed the inheritance of Gojoseon, and the rulers continued to use the titles of Tanje ("Emperor"). Some records refer to Bukbuyeo (North Buyeo) and Dongbuyeo (East Buyeo). It was absorbed into Goguryeo.

  1. Haemosu of Buyeo (239 - 195 BCE)
  2. Morisu of Buyeo (195 - 170 BCE)
  3. Gohaesa of Buyeo (170 - 121 BCE)
  4. Gowuru of Buyeo (121 - 86 BCE)
[edit]

Bukbuyeo

(c.108 BCE–c.58 BCE)

  1. Godumak of Bukbuyeo (108 - 60 BCE)
  2. Gomuseu of Bukbuyeo (60 - 58 BCE)
[edit]

Dongbuyeo

(c.86 BCE–22 CE) The rulers of Dongbuyeo submitted to Bukbuyeo in 86 BC, and thus used the title Wang ("King").

  1. Haeburu of Dongbuyeo 해부루왕 解夫婁王 (86 - 48 BCE)
  2. Geumwa of Dongbuyeo 금와왕 金蛙王 (48 - 7 BCE)
  3. Daeso of Dongbuyeo 대소왕 臺素王 (7 BCE - 22 CE)
[edit]

Gaya confederacy

Gaya confederacy (42-532) consisted of several small statelets. All rulers of Gaya bore the title Wang ("King").

[edit]

Geumgwan Gaya

This list is of the Kim Dynasty of Geumgwan Gaya.

#Temple nameHangulHanjaPeriod of reign
1Suro of Geumgwan Gaya 수로왕 首露王 (42-199)
2Geodeung of Geumgwan Gaya 거등왕 居登王 (199-259)
3Mapum of Geumgwan Gaya 마품왕 麻品王 (259-291)
4Geojilmi of Geumgwan Gaya 거질미왕 居叱彌王 (291-346)
5Isipum of Geumgwan Gaya 이시품왕 伊尸品王 (346-407)
6Jwaji of Geumgwan Gaya 좌지왕 坐知王 (407-421)
7Chwiheui of Geumgwan Gaya 취희왕 吹希王 (421-451)
8Jilji of Geumgwan Gaya 질지왕 銍知王 (451-492)
9Gyumji of Geumgwan Gaya 겸지왕 鉗知王 (492-521)
10Guhyung of Geumgwan Gaya 구형왕 仇衡王 (521-532)
[edit]

Baekje

Baekje (18 BC - 660 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. All rulers of Baekje bore the title Wang ("King"), although some declared themselves emperor. Temple names were the same as personal names, unless noted otherwise.

#Temple nameHangulHanjaPeriod of reignPersonal nameRelationshipNote
1Onjo 온조왕 溫祚王 18 BCE - 29 CE founderson of Goguryeo's founder
2Daru 다루왕 多婁王29 - 77 first son of Onjo
3Giru 기루왕 己婁王 77 - 128 first son of Daru
4Gaeru 개루왕 蓋婁王128 - 166 son of Giru
5Chogo 초고왕 肖古王 166 - 214 son of Gaeru also Sogo (소고왕, 素古王)
6Gusu 구수왕 仇首王214 - 234 first son of Chogo also Guisu (귀수왕, 貴須王)
7Saban 사반왕 沙泮王 234 first son of Gusu also Sai (사이왕, 沙伊王)
8Goi 고이왕 古爾王 234 - 286 second son of Gaeru also Gui (구이군, 久爾君)
9Chaekgye 책계왕 責稽王286 - 298 son of Goialso Cheonggye (청계왕, 靑稽王)
10Bunseo 분서왕 汾西王298 - 304 first son of Chaekgye
11Biryu 비류왕 比流王304 - 344 second son of Gusu
12Gye 계왕 契王344 - 346 first son of Bunseo
13Geunchogo 근초고왕 近肖古王346 - 375 second son of Biryualso Chogo (초고왕, 肖古王) or Sokgo (속고왕, 速古王)
14Geun-gusu 근구수왕 近仇首王 375 - 384 son of Geunchogoalso Guisu (귀수왕, 貴首王)
15Chimnyu 침류왕 枕流王 384 - 385 first son of Geungusu
16Jinsa 진사왕 辰斯王 385 - 392 younger brother of Chimnyualso Buyeohui (부여휘, 扶餘暉)
17Asin 아신왕 阿莘王 392 - 405 cousin of Jinsa; first son of Chimnyualso Aha (아화왕, 阿華王)
18Jeonji 전지왕 腆支王 405 - 420 first son of Asinalso Jikji (직지왕, 直支王) or Jinji (진지왕, 眞支王)
19Gu-isin 구이신왕 久爾辛王 420 - 427 first son of Jeonji
20Biyu 비유왕 毗有王 427 - 454 first son of Guisinalso Yeobi (여비, 餘毗)
21Gaero 개로왕 蓋鹵王 454 - 475Gyeongsa (경사, 慶司) or Gyeong (경, 慶)first son of Biyu also Yeogyeong (여경, 餘慶)
22Munju 문주왕 文周王475 - 477Modo (모도, 牟都) or Do (도, 都)son of Gaero
23Samgeun 삼근왕 三斤王 477 - 479Samgeun (삼근, 三斤), Imgeol (임걸, 壬乞) or Samgeol (삼걸, 三乞)first son of Munju also Mun-geun (문근왕, 文斤王)
24Dongseong 동성왕 東城王 479 - 501Modae (모대, 牟大) or Mamo (마모, 摩牟)cousin of Samgeum
25Muryeong 무령왕 武寧王501 - 523Sama (사마, 斯麻 or 斯摩) or Yung (융, 隆)second son of Dongseongalso Sama (사마왕, 斯麻王), Do (도왕, 嶋王), or Horyeong (호령왕, 虎寧王)
26Seong 성왕 聖王523 - 554Myeong (명, 明)son of Muryeongalso Myeong (명왕, 明王) or Seongmyeong (성명왕, 聖明王)
27Wideok 위덕왕 威德王 554 - 598Chang (창, 昌)first son of Seongalso Chang (창왕, 昌王)
28Hye 혜왕 惠王598 - 599Gye (계, 季)younger brother of Wideokalso Heon (헌왕, 獻王)
29Beop 법왕 法王599 - 600Seon (선, 宣) or Hyosun (효순, 孝順)first son of Hye
30Mu 무왕 武王600 - 641personal name Jang (장, 璋) or Seodong (서동, 薯童)son of Beopalso Mugang (무강왕, 武康王) or Mugwang (무광왕,武廣王)
31Uija 의자왕 義慈王 641 - 660 first son of Mu
[edit]

Goguryeo

Goguryeo (37 BC - 668 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Goguryeo rulers had the title of Taewang (太王), which literally means "the greatest of the king", often translated as Emperor.

# Posthumous name (諡號) Hangul/Hanja Personal namesPeriod of reign
Legendary line
1Dongmyeongseong 동명성태왕 東明聖太王 Go Jumong 고주몽 高朱蒙, Chumo 추모 鄒牟, Sanghae 상해 象解37 BC-19 BC
2Yurimyeong 유리명태왕 琉璃明太王 Yuri 유리 琉璃, Yuri 유리 類利, Yuryu 유류 孺留 19 BC-18 AD
3 Damusin 대무신태왕 大武神太王 Muhyul 무휼 無恤 18-44
4 Minjung 민중태왕 閔中太王 Haesaekju 해색주 解色朱 44-48
5 Mobon 모본태왕 慕本太王 Hae-u 해우 解憂, (Hae) Aeru (해)애루 (解)愛婁 48-53
Great Imperial line
6 Taejo 태조호태왕 太祖好太王 Gung 궁 宮, Eosu 어수 於漱 53-146
7 Chatae 차태왕 次太王 Suseong 수성 遂成 146-165
8 Sintae 신태왕 新太王 Baekgo 백고 伯固, Baekgu 백구 伯句 165-179
Hwando-Guknae line
9 Gogukcheon 고국천태왕 故國川太王 Nammu 남무 男武, I-imo 이이모 伊夷謨 179-197
10 Sansang 산상태왕 山上太王 Jeong-u 정우 廷優, Wigung 위궁 位宮 197-227
11 Dongcheon 동천태왕 東川太王, 東襄太王 Uwigeo 우위거 憂位居, Gyoche 교체 郊彘 227-248
12 Jungcheon 중천태왕 中川太王, 中襄太王 Yeonbul 연불 然弗 227-248
13 Seocheon 서천태왕 西川太王, 西襄太王 Yak-ro 약로 藥盧, Yak-u 약우 若友 248-270
14 Bongsang 봉상태왕 烽上太王, 鴙葛太王 Sangbu 상부 相夫, Sapsiru 插矢婁 292-300
15 Micheon 미천태왕 美川太王, 好攘太王 Eubul 을불 乙弗, Ubul 우불 憂拂 300-331
16 Goguk-won 고국원태왕 故國原太王 Sayu 사유 斯由, Yu 유 劉, Soe 쇠 釗 331-371
17 Sosurim 소수림태왕 小獸林太王 Gubu 구부 丘夫 371-384
18 Goguk-yang 고국양태왕 故國攘太王 Yiryeon 이련 伊連, Eojiji 어지지 於只支 384-391
19 Gwanggaeto the Great 광개토호태왕 廣開土好太王 Damdeok 담덕 談德, An 안 安 391-413
Pyongyang line
20 Jangsu 장수호태왕 長壽好太王 Georyeon 거련 巨連, Goryeon 고련 高璉 413-490
21 Munjamyeong 문자명태왕 文咨明太王 Na-un 나운 羅雲, Go-un 고운 高雲 491-519
22 Anjang 안장태왕 安藏太王 Heung-an 흥안 興安, Go-an 고안 高安 519-531
23 Anwon 안원태왕 安原太王 Bojeon 보정 寶廷, Gojeon 고정 高廷 531-545
24 Yangwon 양원태왕 陽原太王, 陽崗上好太王 Pyongseong 평성 平成 545-559
25 Pyeongwon 평원태왕 平原太王 Yangseong 양성 陽成, Tang 탕 湯, Goyang 고양 高陽 559-590
26 Yeongyang 영양호태왕 嬰陽好太王, 평양태왕 平陽太王 Go Won 고원 高元, Daewon 대원 大元 590-618
27 Yeongryu 영류태왕 營留太王 Go Geonmu 고건무 高建武, Seong 성 成, Gomu 고무 高武 618-642
28 Bojang 보장태왕 寶藏太王 Go Jang 고장 高藏, Bojang 보장 寶藏 642-668

Note: The Legendary line names and dates are from the Samguk Sagi. The Wei shu (History of the Wei dynasty) gives the following names: 朱蒙 Jumong (Zhūméng}, 閭達 Lǘdá, 始閭諧 Shǐlǘxié, 如栗 Rúlí, and 莫來 Mòlái. The legendary line had already been formed with some variants in the early 5th century when Emperor Jangsu built a monument for his father and Goguryeo made contacts with the Northern Wei. The inscription of that monument gives these names: 鄒牟 Chumo, 儒留 Yuryu, and 大朱留 Daejuryu. The connection between those names is not clear.

[edit]

Silla

Silla (57 BC - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. In the early years, Silla was ruled by the Pak, Seok, and Kim families. Rulers of Silla had various titles, including Isageum, Maripgan, Wang, and Yeowang. Like some Baekje kings, some delcared themselves emperor.

  1. Bak Hyeokgeose 박 혁거세 (57 BCE–4 CE)
  2. Namhae Chachaung 남해 차차웅 (4–24)
  3. King Yuri (24–57) 유리왕 儒理王 (Kings Yuri to Heurhae bore the Korean title Isageum, an old word for "ruler")
  4. King Talhae 탈해왕 脫解王 (57–80)
  5. King Pasa 파사왕 婆娑王 (80–112)
  6. King Jima 지마왕 祗摩王 (112–134)
  7. King Ilseong 일성왕 逸聖王 (134–154)
  8. King Adalla 아달라왕 阿達羅王 (154–184)
  9. King Beolhyu 벌휴왕 伐休王 (184–196)
  10. King Naehae 내해왕 奈解王 (196–230)
  11. King Jobun 조분왕 助賁王 (230–247)
  12. King Cheomhae 첨해왕 沾解王 (247–261)
  13. King Michu 미추왕 味鄒王 (262–284)
  14. King Yurye 유례왕 儒禮王 (284–298)
  15. King Girim 기림왕 基臨王 (298–310)
  16. King Heulhae 흘해왕 訖解王 (310–356)
  17. King Naemul 내물왕 奈勿王 (356–402) (Kings Naemul to Soji bore the Korean title Maripgan, an old word for "ruler")
  18. King Silseong 실성왕 實聖王 (402–417)
  19. King Nulji 눌지왕 訥祗王 (417–458)
  20. King Jabi 자비왕 慈悲王 (458–479)
  21. King Soji 소지왕 炤智王 (479–500)
  22. King Jijeung 지증왕 智證王 (500–514) (Kings Jijeung to Gyeongsun bore the title Wang (the modern Korean word for "king"), with the exceptions noted below)
  23. King Beopheung 법흥왕 法興王 (514–540)
  24. King Jinheung the Great 진흥태왕 眞興太王 (540–576) ("King Jinheung the Great" is a translation of Jinheung Taewang, "Taewang" meaning "great king")
  25. King Jinji 진지왕 眞智王 (576–579)
  26. King Jinpyeong 진평왕 眞平王 (579–632)
  27. Queen Seondeok 선덕여왕 善德女王 (632–647) (Queens Seondeok and Jindeok bore the title Yeowang, meaning "queen")
  28. Queen Jindeok 진덕여왕 眞德女王 (647–654)
  29. King Muyeol 무열왕 武烈王 (654–661)
  30. King Munmu 문무왕 文武王 (661–681)
  31. King Sinmun 신문왕 神文王 (681–691)
  32. King Hyoso 효소왕 孝昭王 (692–702)
  33. King Seongdeok the Great 성덕대왕 聖德大王 (702–737) ("King Seongdeok the Great" is a translation of Seongdeok Daewang, "Daewang" meaning "great king")
  34. King Hyoseong 효성왕 孝成王 (737–742)
  35. King Gyeongdeok 경덕왕 景德王 (742–765)
  36. King Hyegong 혜공왕 惠恭王 (765–780)
  37. King Seondeok 선덕왕 善德王 (780–785)
  38. King Weonseong 원성왕 元聖王 (785–798)
  39. King Soseong 소성왕 昭聖王 (798–800)
  40. King Aejang 애장왕 哀莊王 (800–809)
  41. King Heondeok 헌덕왕 憲德王 (809-826)
  42. King Heungdeok 흥덕왕 興德王 (826–836)
  43. King Huigang 희강왕 僖康王 (836–838)
  44. King Minae 민애왕 閔哀王 (838–839)
  45. King Sinmu 신무왕 神武王 (839)
  46. King Munseong 문성왕 文聖王 (839–857)
  47. King Heonan 헌안왕 憲安王 (857–861)
  48. King Gyeongmun 경문왕 景文王 (861–875)
  49. King Heongang 헌강왕 憲康王 (875–886)
  50. King Jeonggang 정강왕 定康王 (886–887)
  51. Queen Jinseong 진성여왕 眞聖女王 (887–897) (Queen Jinseong bore the Korean title Yeowang, which means "queen")
  52. King Hyogong 효공왕 孝恭王 (897–912)
  53. King Sindeok 신덕왕 神德王 (913–917)
  54. King Gyeongmyeong 경명왕 景明王 (917–924)
  55. King Gyeongae 경애왕 景哀王 (924–927)
  56. King Gyeongsun 경순왕 敬順王 (927–935)
[edit]

Balhae

Balhae (669-926) followed Goguryeo in the northern territories when Silla unified most of the Korean peninsula. The founder called the state Jin, claiming to be the successor to Goguryeo, but it became known as Balhae (Bohai in Chinese) after establishing relations with China. The rulers used the title Hwangje ("emperor") and had the temple name of either -jo or -jong, though there are exceptions for deposed rulers.

# Posthumous name (諡號) Hangul/HanjaPersonal name Hangul/HanjaPeriod of reign Era name (年號)
1 Ko 고황제 高皇帝 Dae Joyeong 대조영 大祚榮 698-718 Cheontong 천통 天統
2 Mu 무황제 武皇帝 Dae Muye 대무예 大武藝 718-737 In-an 인안 仁安
3 Mun 문황제 文皇帝 Dae Heummu 대흠무 大欽茂 737-793 Daeheung 대흥 大興 (Boryeok 보력 寶曆 774-?)
4 Won-Eui (deposed) 폐제 원의 廢帝 元義 Dae Won-eui 대원의 大元義 793-794 none
5 Seong 성황제 成皇帝 Dae Hwa-yeo 대화여 大華與 794 Jungheung 중흥 中興
6 Gang 강황제 康皇帝 Dae Seunglin 대승린 大嵩璘 794-808 Jeongryeok 정력 正曆
7 Jeong 정황제 定皇帝 Dae Won-yu 대원유 大元瑜 808-812 Yeongdeok 영덕 永德
8 Heui 희황제 僖皇帝 Dae Eon-eui 대언의 大言義 812-817? Jujak 주작 朱雀
9 Gan 간황제 簡皇帝 Dae Myeongchung 대명충 大明忠 817?-818? Taesi 태시 太始
10 Seon 선황제 宣皇帝 Dae Insu 대인수 大仁秀 818?-830 Geonheung 건흥 建興
11 ? Dae Ijin 대이진 大彝震 830-857 Hamhwa 함화 咸和
12 ? Dae Geonhwang 대건황 大虔晃 857-871 Geonhwang 虔晃 건황
13 Gyeong 경황제 景皇帝 Dae Hyeonseok 대현석 大玄錫 871-895
14 ? Dae Wigye 대위계 大瑋瑎 895-907?
15 Ae 애제 哀帝 Dae Inseon 대인선 大諲譔 907?-926
[edit]

Goryeo

Goryeo (918-1392) was ruled by the Wang Dynasty. The first king had the temple name Taejo, which means "great progenitor", and was applied to the first kings of both Goryeo and Joseon, as they were also the founders of the Wang and Yi Dynasties respectively.

The next twenty-three emperors (until Wonjong) are also referred to by their temple names, ending in jong. Beginning with Chungnyeol (the twenty-fifth king), all the remaining kings of Goryeo had the title Wang ("King") as part of their temple names. Era names are in bracket where available

  1. Emperor Taejo (Chunsu) 태조 (918–943)
  2. Emperor Hyejong 혜종 (943–945)
  3. Emperor Jeongjong 정종 (945–949)
  4. Emperor Gwangjong (Joonpoong) 광종 (949–975)
  5. Emperor Gyeongjong 경종 (975–981)
  6. Emperor Seongjong 성종 (981–997)
  7. Emperor Mokjong 목종 (997–1009)
  8. Emperor Hyeonjong 현종 (1009–1031)
  9. Emperor Deokjong 덕종 (1031–1034)
  10. Emperor Jeongjong 정종 (1034–1046)
  11. Emperor Munjong 문종 (1046–1083)
  12. Emperor Sunjong 순종 (1083)
  13. Emperor Seonjong 선종 (1083–1094)
  14. Emperor Heonjong 헌종 (1094–1095)
  15. Emperor Sukjong 숙종 (1095–1105)
  16. Emperor Yejong 예종 (1105–1122)
  17. Emperor Injong 인종 (1122–1146)
  18. Emperor Euijong 의종 (1146–1170)
  19. Emperor Myeongjong 명종 (1170–1197)
  20. Emperor Sinjong 신종 (1197–1204)
  21. Emperor Huijong 희종 (1204–1211)
  22. Emperor Gangjong 강종 (1211–1213)
  23. Emperor Gojong 고종 (1213–1259)
  24. Emperor Weonjong 원종 (1259–1274)
  25. King Chungnyeol 충렬왕 (1274–1308) (Chungnyeol was the first king of Goryeo to bear the title Wang, which means "King")
  26. King Chungseon 충선왕 (1308–1313)
  27. King Chungsuk 충숙왕 (1313–1330; 1332–1339)
  28. King Chunghye 충계왕 (1330–1332; 1339–1344)
  29. King Chungmok 충목왕 (1344–1348)
  30. King Chungjeong 충정왕 (1348–1351)
  31. King Gongmin 공민왕 (1351–1374)
  32. King U 우왕 (1374–1388)
  33. King Chang 창왕 (1388–1389)
  34. King Gongyang 공양왕 (1389–1392)
[edit]

Joseon

Joseon (1391-1897) followed Goryeo. In 1897, when Joseon became the Korean Empire, some of the Joseon kings were posthumously raised to the rank of emperors.

Joseon monarchs had temple names ending in jo or jong. Jo was given to the first kings/emperors of new lines within the dynasty, with the first king/emperor having the special name (Taejo), which means "great progenitor" (see also Goryeo). Jong was given to all other kings/emperors.

Two kings, Yeonsangun and Gwanghaegun, were deprived of their temple names after their reigns ended.

Each monarch had a posthumous name that included either the title Wang ("King"), Hwangje ("Emperor"), Daewang ("King X the Great"), or Daeje ("Emperor X the Great"). For the sake of consistency, the title "King/Emperor" has been added to each monarch's temple name in the list below.

  1. Emperor Taejo 태조 (1392–1398)
  2. King Jeongjong 정종 (1398–1400)
  3. King Taejong 태종 (1400–1418)
  4. King Sejong the Great 세종 (1418–1450)
  5. King Munjong 문종 (1450–1452)
  6. King Danjong 단종 (1452–1455)
  7. King Sejo 세조 (1455–1468)
  8. King Yejong 예종 (1468–1469)
  9. King Seongjong 성종 (1469–1494)
  10. Yeonsangun 연산군 (1494–1506)
  11. King Jungjong 중종 (1506–1544)
  12. King Injong 인종 (1544–1545)
  13. King Myeongjong 명종 (1545–1567)
  14. King Seonjo 선조 (1567–1608)
  15. Gwanghaegun 광해군 (1608–1623)
  16. King Injo 인조 (1623–1649)
  17. King Hyojong 효종 (1649–1659)
  18. King Hyeonjong 현종 (1659–1674)
  19. King Sukjong 숙종 (1674–1720)
  20. King Gyeongjong 경종 (1720–1724)
  21. King Yeongjo 영조 (1724–1776)
  22. Emperor Jeongjo 정조 (1776–1800)
  23. Emperor Sunjo 순조 (1800–1834)
  24. Emperor Heonjong 헌종 (1834–1849)
  25. Emperor Cheoljong 철종 (1849–1864)
  26. Emperor Gojong 고종 (1864–1897)
  27. Emperor Sunjong 순종 (1897–1910)
[edit]

Korean Empire

The Korean Empire (1897-1919) was declared to indicate the end of the tributary relationship with China. Technically, the emperors should be referred to by their era names rather than their temple names, but the latter are commonly used.

Posthumous name (諡號) Personal name Period of reignEra name
Gojong (Kwangmu) 고종 Yi Myeongbok 이명복 1864-1897Gwangmu 광무 光武
Sunjong (Yeonghui) 순종 Yi Cheok 이척 1897-1910Yunghui 융희 隆熙
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

ko:한국의 왕 ja:朝鮮国王の一覧 no:Liste over Koreas herskere zh:朝鮮半島君主列表

Retrieved from "http://www.netipedia.com/index.php/List_of_Korean_monarchs"