Hydraulic diameter
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The hydraulic diameter, <math> D_h </math>, is commonly used term when handling flow in noncircular tubes and channels. Using this term one can calculate many things in the same way as for a round tube.
Definition:
<math> D_h = \frac {4A}{U} </math>
where A is the cross-sectional area and U is the wetted perimeter of the cross-section.
For a round tube, this checks as:
<math> D_h = \frac{\frac {4 \pi D^2}{4}}{\pi D} = D </math>
The Manning formula contains a quantity called the hydraulic radius. Despite what the name may suggest, the hydraulic diameter is not twice the hydraulic radius.
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