Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/October 16
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- 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeated Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and became master of the Western Roman Empire. He spent the rest of his life as the Patrician, ruling through a number of puppet emperors.
- 1793 - Marie Antoinette was guillotined at the Place de la Révolution in Paris at the height of the French Revolution.
- 1813 - The Sixth Coalition attacked Napoleon and the First French Empire in the Battle of Leipzig, the largest conflict in the Napoleonic Wars.
- 1940 - World War II: Hans Frank (pictured) established the Warsaw Ghetto, the largest Jewish ghetto in occupied Poland.
- 1978 - Karol Józef Wojtyła, a cardinal from Kraków, Poland, became Pope John Paul II, the first non-Italian pope since the 16th century and the first ever from a Slavic country.
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