1890s

From Free net encyclopedia

Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century

Decades: 1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s

Years: 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899

The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the "Mauve Decade," because William Henry Perkin's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that colour in fashion, and also as the "Gay Nineties", under the then-current usage of the word "gay" which referred simply to merriment and frivolity, with no connotation of homosexuality as in current-day usage. The phrase, "The Gay Nineties," was not coined until 1926.

Contents 1 Events and trends 2 Commerce 2.1 Technology 2.2 Science 2.3 War, peace and politics 2.4 Culture, religion 2.5 Others 3 People 3.1 World leaders 3.2 Important people 3.3 Entertainers 3.4 Sports 4 Books about the 1890s 5 See also 6 External links

Events and trends

• Pullman Strike of 1894

Image:Benz-velo.jpg

Commerce

• the Panic of 1893 sets off a widespread economic depression in the United States that lasts until 1896.

Technology

• Early commercial production of automobiles.

Science

• Henri Becquerel discovers radioactivity
• Discovery of x-rays by Wilhelm Röntgen
• Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius and US geologist Thomas Crowder Chamberlain independently come to the conclusion that burning fossil fuels might cause global warming due to carbon dioxide emissions

War, peace and politics

Image:Afrikaner commandos.JPG

• Second Boer War
• First Sino-Japanese War
• Spanish-American War
• Split in Irish nationalism over Irish leader Charles Stewart Parnell's affair with a fellow MP's wife, Kitty O'Shea
• The New Imperialism

Culture, religion

• Motion pictures
• Ragtime music
• Accession of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia in the world's first ever filmed coronation.
• Lynchings of African Americans in the United States averaged 150 per year.
• H. G. Wells creates modern science fiction with his book The War of the Worlds.
• Hale Johnson is a major leader of the temperance movement.
• Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction, under Mary Hunt, achieves de facto control over all alcohol education in the U.
• "The" Fin de Siècle (primarily in Paris and Brussels).
• Increasing importance of Art Nouveau style.
• Dreyfus Affair (France)

Others

People

World leaders

• Prime Minister John Sparrow David Thompson (Canada)
• Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier (Canada)
• Emperor Franz Josef (Austria-Hungary)
• Kaiser Wilhelm II (German Empire)
• Chancellor Leo von Caprivi (German Empire)
• King Umberto I (Italy)
• Pope Leo XIII
• Czar Alexander III (Russia)
• Czar Nicholas II (Russia)
• Queen Victoria (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
• Prime Minister Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
• Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
• Prime Minister Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
• President Benjamin Harrison (United States)
• President Grover Cleveland (United States)
• President William McKinley (United States)
• Shahs of Persia (Qajar dynasty)

1. Nasser-al-Din Shah, 1848-1896
2. Mozzafar-al-Din Shah, 1896-1907

Important people

• Thomas A. Edison
• Nikola Tesla

Entertainers

• Adelina Patti
• George W. Johnson
• Justin Smith
• Jonathan Booth

Sports

• Bob Fitzsimmons

Books about the 1890s

• The Mauve Decade, by Thomas Beer (1926)

See also

Gay Nineties

External links

• Quiz: Victorian Etiquette — Educational Game, In the style of the Monty Pythonsbg:1890-те

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