Arab tribes in Iraq

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Most Iraqis identify strongly with a tribe ('ashira), and nearly half of Iraqis are more loyal to their clans or tribes than to the national government. Thirty of the 150 or so identifiable tribes in Iraq are the most influential. Tribes are grouped into federations (qabila). Below the level of the tribe, there are the clan (fukhdh), the house (beit) and the extended family (khams).

On its accession to power in 1968, the Ba'ath party announced its opposition to tribalism (al-qabaliyya), although for pragmatic reasons, especially during the war with Iran, tribalism was sometimes tolerated or even encouraged.

Contents 1 List of major tribes ('ashira) 1.1 Federations (qabila) 1.2 Baghdad area 1.3 Mosul area 1.4 Tikrit area 1.5 Najaf area 1.6 Hilla area 1.7 Amarah area 1.8 Basra area 1.9 Nasiriyah area 1.10 Al Diwaniyah area 1.11 Kut area 1.12 Kirkuk area 1.13 Baquba area 1.14 Ramadi area 1.15 Other northern tribes 1.16 Basra Families 1.17 Bedouin tribes 1.18 Descendants of the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad 1.19 Others, to be classified 2 Related organizations 3 External links 4 References

List of major tribes ('ashira)

External Links To Maps: Tribal Genealogy Iraq Tribes Legend for Previous Map

Federations (qabila)

• AL-BU MUHAMMAD centered in the Maysan governorate
• 'ANZA (pronounced 'Aniza) federation
• 'AZZA federation around Balad
• DULAYM centered in the Anbar governorate
  • Al-Bu Fahd group
  • Al-Bu Nimr (from al-Ramadi)
  • Al-Mahamda
  • Al-Falahat
  • Al-Bu Fahad
  • Al-Bu Dhiyab
  • Al-Bu Mahhal
  • Al-Bu Issa (in Fallujah)
  • Al-Jumeilat (in Fallujah)
  • Al-Karabla
  • Al-Bu Assaf
  • Al-Bu Risha
  • Al-Bu Alwan
  • Al-Bu Farraj
  • Al-Karabla
• JUBOUR
• BANI KA'B federation centered south of the city of Basra and across the

border in the Khuzestan province of Iran

• KHAZA'IL
• BANI LAM
• MUNTAFIQ
  • Al-Sa'dun clan (tribal leaders)
  • Bani Malik
  • Bani Khalid (plural al-Khawalid)
  • Bani Qais (Al-Qaisiyun)
  • Bani Sa'id
  • Bani Hassan (southern Iraq)
  • Bani Khafaja
  • Abbouda
  • Al-Bu Salih
  • Al-Mayyah
  • Al-Izayrij
  • Bani Zaid
  • Al-Sharifat (An-Naasriya, south of Iraq)
  • Al-Ghizi
  • Al-Hameed
• RABI'A (pronounced Rubai'a) centered around the Kut city area
• Shammar in the Ninawa governorate
• BANI TAMIM (sometimes written Timim or Temim) in central and southern Iraq
  • al-Suhail clan (tribal leaders) near Abu Ghuraib
  • al-Turshan section centered in the Diyala governorate
  • al-Kan'an section in the Basra governorate and across the border in the [[Arabs of

Khuzestan|Khuzestan]] province of Iran

• Tikriti federation
  • Al-Bu Nasir (includes Saddam Hussein)
  • Al-Bu Ajeel
  • Al-Shaya'isha
• 'UBAYD (in al-'Alam and Tarmiya)
• ZUBAYD
  • Note: The 'AZZA, DULAYM, JABUR, Janabi and 'UBAYD federations above are all sub-sections of the

ZUBAYD

Baghdad area

• BANI TAMIM
• Shammar

  *Shammer Jarba (Sunni)
  *Shammer Toga (Shia)
  *Zoba

• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Janabi
• Al-Nidawat
• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Azza
• Al-Bu Mohammed
• Al-Bu Aitha
• Al-Bu Amir
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Mujama'
• Al-Ghrair
• Al-Ugaydat
• Al-Anbariyeen
• Al-Qarraghul
• Al-Dafaf'a
• Al-Bu Muhyi
• Bani Saad
• Bani Lam
• Rubai'a
• Khazraj
• Shammar Toga

Mosul area

• Al-Dulaim (100,000, most of them in western Anbar province)
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Lihaib
• Al-Bu Hamad
• Al-Bu Hamdan
• Al-Bu Badran
• Al-Bu Mitaywit
• Al-Ugaydat
• Al-Jihaysh
• Hadid
• Bayyat
• Khazraj
  • Descendants of the Khazraj section of the Ansar
• Shammar
• Tayy
  • Note: SHAMMAR is a subsection of the Tayy

Tikrit area

• Al-Bu Nasir (in Tikrit)
• Al-Bu Latif
• Hadithiyyin
  • Rifa'iyyin
• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Azza
• Al-Bu Farraj
  • Jawa'ina (in Baiji)
• Lihayb (in Sharqat)
• Al-Mushahadah (in Tarmiya)
  • An individual from this tribe will have the name of Mash-hadani
• Al-Mashayikh in Tarmiya and in Al-Hawejah(The individual called Al-Mashayikhi)

Najaf area

• Al-Bu Dush
• Al-Fatla
• Al-Ghazalat
• Al-Jaryu
• Al-'Isa
• Al-Shibil
• Al-Zagarit
• Bani Hassan
• Bani Assad
• Kaab

Hilla area

• Al-Bu Sultan
• Al-Bu Amir
• Al-Masoud
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Janabi
• Al-Ma'amra
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Qarraghul
• Shammar
• Zoba'a
• Zubayd

• Jihaysh
• Khafaja

Amarah area

• Bani Lam
• Al-Bu Mohammed
• Al-Izayrij
• Al-Bu Darraj
• Al-Sudan
• Al-Beidhan
• Al-Sarai
• Al-Bahadil
• Al-Suwa'id
• Al-Issa
• Al-Maryan
• Al-Bazzoun

Basra area

• BANI KA'B
• Bani Malik
• Bani Assad
• Bani Mansour
• BANI TAMIM
• Bani Khalid
• Al-Shirish
• Al-Sayamur
• Al-Mayyah
• Al-Duwasir
• Al-Mutawr
• Al-Mutayr
• Al-Halaf
• Al-Eidan
• Al-Gatarna
• Al-Garamsha
• Al-Suwa'id
• Al-Ghanim
• Khafaja
• Rubai'a

Nasiriyah area

• Al-Bu Salih
• Al-Sa'eed
• Al-Abbouda
• Al-Jawabir
• Al-Dhufayr
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Qarraghul
• Al-Husseinat
• Al-Sharifat
• Al-Shuwailat
• Al-Ghizi
• Al-Bidor
• Al-Jubour
• Bani Rikab
• Bani Hassan
• Bani Khaigan
• Bani Assad
• Bani Zaid
• Chinana
• Hacham

Al Diwaniyah area

• Khaza'il
• Al-Bidayr
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Agra'
• Al-Zeyad
• Al-Ibrahim
• Al-Bahahtha
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Zirfat
• Al-Kurd
• Al-A'ajeeb
• Al-Ardhiyat
• Al-Izayrij
• Bani Hacheem
• Afaj
• Zubayd
• Chabsha

Kut area

• Rubai'a
• Zubayd
• Shammar Toga
• Bani Lam
• Giraish
• Al-Mayyah
• Al-Magasis
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Jubour

Kirkuk area

• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Ni'aim
• Al-Bayyat
• Al-Azza
• Bani Zaid
• Shammar
• Harb
• Qays
• Jibari
• Dawouda
• Salehi
• Shwann
• Zengena

Baquba area

• Shammar
• Bani Tamim
• Bani Zaid
• Bani Ways
• Bani Lam
• Al-Azza
• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Ambakiya
• Al-Bayyat
• Al-Girtan
• Al-Tatran
• Al-Ma'amra
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Mujama'
• Al-Dafaf'a
• Al-Sigoug
• Al-Karkhiya
• Al-Khishalat
• Al-Maghamis
• Al-Zuhairiya
• Al-Dainiya
• Al-Suwa'id
• Al-Dilfiya
• Al-Ridainiya
• Al-Nida
• Al-Sumaida'
• Al-Bu Jawari
• Qays
• Khafaja
• Rubai'a
• Shammar Toga

Ramadi area

• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Ugaydat
• Al-Jaghayfa
• Al-Lihaib
• Al-Halabsa
• Al-Ma'adhid
• Al-Jubour
• Shammar
• Zoba'a (Zoba is a subsection of Shammer)
• Aniza

Other northern tribes

• Al-Bayyat
  • It is said that this was originally a Turkmen tribe

that later mixed with the al-'UBAYD

• Al-Hadid (plural al-Hadidiyun)
• The Bani Harb
• Al-Saadun
• Al-Shammawi
• 'UBAYD (in the southern Haweeja plains)

Basra Families

• Descendants of the noble family of the Prophet Muhammad
  • Barakat
  • al-Naqib
• From the Bani Khalid (Khawalid)
  • Muhammad Al-'Isa
  • Al-'Abdul-Wahid
• Najdi families
  • al-Zuhair
• Other families
  • al-Khudairy
  • al-Mandeel
  • al-Nama
  • al-Rasheed
  • al-Thukair
  • Baraak
  • Basha-Ayan
  • Bacha-Chi
  • Sheikh Khaz'al

Bedouin tribes

• 'ANIZA (pronounced 'Iniza) (Royal Family of Saudi Arabi are traced to this tribe. The sheikh general lives in western Iraq.)
• Al-Dhufayr
• Al-Ghalal
• Al-Hassan
• Al-Mutayr
• Al-Sulayb
• Al-Bu Mitaywit
• Harb
• Shammar
  • Al-Kharsa
  • Sinjara
  • Zoba'a
  • Al-Sayih
• Bani Khalid (plural Al-Khawalid)

Descendants of the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad

• Al-Awadi (Najaf)
• Al-Mossawi Al Yaseen (Najaf)
• Al-Mushahadah in Tarmiya
• Al-Ni'aym in Kirkuk, Hawija and Baghdad
• Al-Bu Milais in Samarra
• Al-Bu Badri in Samarra
• Al-Bu Baz in Samarra
• Al-Bu Aswad in Samarra
• Al-Bu Abbas in Samarra
• Al-Bu Darraj in Samarra
• Al-Bu Issa in Samarra
• Al-Bu Nissan in Samarra
• Al-Bu Udhaym in Samarra
• Al-Marasma in Balad, Samarra and Baquba
• Al-Tarabla in Tikrit
• Al-Bu Nasir in Tikrit
• Al-Hadid (plural al-Hadidiyun)
• Al-Naqib family in Basra
• Al-Sadoun in Basra
• Al-Ridaini in Basra
• Barakat family in Basra
• Kamuna family in Najaf
• Al-Qizwini family in Najaf
• Al-Tabataba'i family in Najaf
• Bahr Al-Uloom family in Najaf
• Al-Kharsan family in Najaf
• Al-Zuwain family in Najaf
• Al-Zaini family in Najaf
• Al-Taliqani family in Najaf
• Al-Allaq family in Najaf
• Al-Faqih family in Najaf
• Al-Jaza'iri family in Najaf
• Al-Keshwan family in Najaf
• Al-Hilu family in Najaf
• Al-Safi family in Najaf
• Al-Ghraifi family in Najaf
• Al-Sharmuti family in Najaf
• Al-Hamami family in Najaf
• Al-Abu Tubikh family in Najaf
• Al-Yasir in Najaf
• Shubbar family in Najaf
• Al-Adhari in Al Diwaniyah
• Al-Suwafi in Diwaniyah
• Hashimi family in Baghdad, descendants of the former royal family
• Al-Gailani family in Baghdad
• Al-Haideri family in Baghdad
• Al-Alusi family in Baghdad
• Al-Tatar family in Baghdad
• Al-Wa'idh family in Baghdad
• Al-Witri family in Baghdad
• Al-Shahristani family in Baghdad
• Al-Sadr family in Baghdad and Najaf
• Al-Haboubi family in Baghdad and Najaf
• Utayfa family in Baghdad
• Witwit family in Hilla
• Al-Rifa'i family in Basra, Baghdad, Samarra and Ana
• Al-Muwashit in Ad-Dawr
• Al-Mishayikhoun in Dujail
• Al-A'raji family in Mosul, Baghdad and Najaf
• Al-Husseini family in Mosul
• Al-Bu Sab'a in Mosul
• Al-Sada in Tal Afar
• Al-Barzanchi family in Sulaimaniya and Arbil
• Al-Naqshabandi family in Sulaimaniya
• Al-Kasnazani family in Kirkuk
• Al-Talabani family in Kirkuk
• Al-Dawudi family in Kirkuk
• Al-Rijaibat in Kirkuk and Baquba

Others, to be classified

• Harb (in ad-Dur)
• Al-Fallujiyyin (in Falluja)

Related organizations

• Iraq Tribes Council
• National Council of Iraqi Tribes
• National Alliance of Tribes and Clans of Iraq
• Democratic Grouping of Iraqi Tribes
• Iraqi Sheikhs Council (ISC).., Ref.: Sheikh M.Al-ABDULWAHID (Al-Khaledi)

External links

• [http://customwire.ap.org/dynamic/files/specials/interactives/iraqtribe/index.html?

SITE=DCTMS&%20SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT Arab Tribes in Iraq] - Associated Press analysis

• Healing Iraq

References

• A History of Iraq, Charles Tripp, Cambridge University Press, 2000, ISBN 0521554047/ISBN 0521556333
• The Tribes of Iraq, Abbas Al-Azzawi, Baghdad Press, 1956
• Iraqi Tribes, Younis Al-Sheikh Ibrahim Al-Samarra'i, Al-Sharaf Al-Jedid Press, Baghdad, 1989
• Hashimi Tribes and Families in Iraq, Younis Al-Sheikh Ibrahim Al-Samarra'i, Al-Umma Press, Baghdad, 1986